[top]Disease Information
29 June 2006
Vol. 19 - No. 26Contents
VARROOSIS OF HONEY BEES IN NEW ZEALAND
Immediate notification report
Information received on 22 June 2006 from Dr Barry O'Neil, Chief Veterinary Officer, Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry (MAF), Wellington:
Report date: 22 June 2006.
Reason for immediate notification: first occurrence of a listed disease in a zone.
Identification of agent: Varroa destructor.
Date of first confirmation of the event: 16 June 2006.
Date of start of the event: 15 June 2006.
Nature of diagnosis: suspicion and laboratory.
As a result of routine surveillance, the Investigation and Diagnostic Centre (Wallaceville, Wellington) received notification of two sites with hives suspected to be infested with Varroa destructor. This was subsequently confirmed by laboratory diagnosis.
Delimiting surveillance has identified a further 8 infected sites. All sites are in a confined area of the northern end of the South Island of New Zealand.
Source of outbreak or origin of the infestation: unknown or inconclusive.
Control measures
A. Undertaken:
- surveillance around the infected places;
- "restricted place" notices on affected premises;
- investigations about the precise extent of the incursion.
B. To be undertaken:
- movement control of beehives, bee products and equipment used for the management of bees.
Final report: no.
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* *HIGHLY PATHOGENIC AVIAN INFLUENZA IN HUNGARY
Follow-up report No. 1See also: 19 October 2006, 15 June 2006
Information received on 23 June 2006 from Dr Miklós Süth, Chief Veterinary Officer, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Budapest:
End of previous report period: 9 June 2006 (see Disease Information, 19 [24], 459, dated 15 June 2006).
End of this report period: 23 June 2006.
Identification of agent: highly pathogenic avian influenza virus subtype H5N1.
Date of first confirmation of the event: 16 June 2006.
Date of start of the event: 4 June 2006.
Clinical disease: yes.
Nature of diagnosis: clinical, post-mortem and laboratory.
New outbreaks:
First administrative division (county) Type of epide-miolo-gical unit Name of the location Date of start of the outbreak Spe-cies Number of animals in the outbreaks susceptible cases deaths destroyed slaugh-tered Bács-Kiskun farm Bodoglár 10 June 2006 avi 28,000 ... ... 28,000 0 Bács-Kiskun farm Bodoglár 10 June 2006 avi 15,000 ... ... 15,000 0 Bács-Kiskun farm Móricgát 10 June 2006 avi 110 ... ... 110 0 Bács-Kiskun farm Móricgát 10 June 2006 avi 120 ... ... 120 0 Bács-Kiskun farm Móricgát 10 June 2006 avi 126 ... ... 126 0 Bács-Kiskun farm Szank 10 June 2006 avi 19,000 ... ... 19,000 0 Diagnosis:
Laboratory where diagnostic tests were performed Species examined Diagnostic tests used Date Results Central Veterinary Institute, Budapest avi - virus isolation
- RT-PCR(1)
- haemagglutination inhibition
- sequence analysis
16 June 2006 positive Source of outbreaks or origin of infection:
- introduction of new animals/animal products;
- contact with infected animal(s) at grazing/watering.
Control measures undertaken:
- control of wildlife reservoirs;
- stamping out;
- quarantine;
- movement control inside the country;
- screening;
- zoning;
- disinfection of infected premises/establishment(s).
Treatment of affected animals: no.
Vaccination prohibited: yes.
Other details/comments:
- All affected flocks were subject to immediate stamping out based on suspicion. Cleaning and disinfection of the holdings as well as all measures according to European Commission Decisions 2006/415/EC and 2006/416/EC were implemented immediately.
- On 16 June 2006, the OIE/FAO Reference Laboratory for avian influenza in Weybridge, United Kingdom, confirmed using RT-PCR(1) the presence of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus subtype H5N1 in the affected geese flock notified on 9 June 2006 (see Disease Information, 19 [24], 459, dated 15 June 2006).
Final report: no.
(1) RT-PCR: reverse transcriptase - polymerase chain reaction
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* *HIGHLY PATHOGENIC AVIAN INFLUENZA IN UKRAINE
Follow-up report No. 13See also: 28 September 2006, 13 July 2006, 22 June 2006, 16 March 2006, 23 February 2006, 9 February 2006, 2 February 2006, 26 January 2006, 19 January 2006, 12 January 2006, 5 January 2006, 30 December 2005, 30 December 2005, 16 December 2005, 9 December 2005
Information received on 23 June 2006 from Dr Ivan Yuriyovych Bisyuk, Head and Chief Veterinary Officer, State Department for Veterinary Medicine, Ministry of Agricultural Policy, Kiev:
End of previous report period: 15 June 2006 (see Disease Information, 19 [25], 475, dated 22 June 2006).
End of this report period: 23 June 2006.
Identification of agent: highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) virus subtype H5N1.
Date of first confirmation of the event: 2 December 2005.
Date of start of the event: 25 November 2005.
There are three control posts: one in Piski village and two on the Sumy-Shostka road. In the surveillance zone, in Sumy region, 254 groups for clinical examination of poultry have been formed by the State Veterinary Services in cooperation with local governmental bodies.
As of 21 June 2006, disinfection of all households where poultry were kept was completed. A total of 553 houses were inspected: 146 were not inhabited, 24 did not keep poultry and 383 of these properties (total area, 43,084 m²) were disinfected.
Final report: no.
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* *FOOT AND MOUTH DISEASE IN CHINA (PEOPLE'S REP. OF ~)
FOLLOW-UP REPORT NO. 7See also: 16 November 2006, 19 October 2006, 21 September 2006, 24 August 2006, 10 August 2006, 3 August 2006, 13 July 2006, 15 June 2006, 1 June 2006, 4 May 2006, 30 March 2006, 9 March 2006, 19 January 2006, 5 January 2006, 18 November 2005, 22 July 2005
Information received on 26 June 2006 from Mr Jia Youling, Director General, Veterinary Bureau, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing:
End of previous report period: 12 June 2006 (see Disease Information, 19 [24], 463, dated 15 June 2006).
End of this report period: 23 June 2006.
Identification of agent: foot and mouth disease (FMD) virus serotype Asia1.
Date of first confirmation of the event: 29 December 2005.
Date of start of the event: 6 December 2005.
Clinical disease: yes.
Nature of diagnosis: clinical, post-mortem and laboratory.
New outbreak:
First administrative division (province) Lower administrative division (county) Type of epide-miolo-gical unit Name of the location Date of start of the outbreak Spe-cies Number of animals in the outbreak susceptible cases deaths destroyed slaugh-tered Gansu Zhouqu village Muer 14 June 2006 bov 380 213 0 380 0 Diagnosis:
Laboratory where diagnostic tests were performed Species examined Diagnostic tests used Date Results Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin (national reference laboratory for FMD) bov - liquid-phase blocking ELISA(1)
- RT-PCR(2)
- virus isolation
19 June 2006 positive Source of outbreak or origin of infection: unknown or inconclusive.
Control measures undertaken:
- stamping out;
- quarantine;
- movement control inside the country;
- screening;
- zoning;
- vaccination;
- disinfection of infected premises/establishment(s);
- dipping/spraying.
Treatment of affected animals: no.
Vaccination prohibited: no.
Final report: no.
(1) ELISA: enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
(2) RT-PCR: reverse transcriptase - polymerase chain reaction
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* *LUMPY SKIN DISEASE IN ISRAEL
See also: 7 September 2006, 10 August 2006, 27 July 2006, 13 July 2006
(Date of previous outbreak of lumpy skin disease in Israel reported to the OIE: September 1989).
Immediate notification report
Information received on 26 June 2006 from Dr Moshe Chaimovitz, Director of Veterinary and Animal Health Services, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Beit-Dagan:
Report date: 26 June 2006.
Reason for immediate notification: re-occurrence of a listed disease or infection in a country.
Identification of agent: lumpy skin disease virus.
Date of first confirmation of the event: 22 June 2006.
Date of start of the event: 20 June 2006.
Clinical disease: yes.
Nature of diagnosis: clinical, post-mortem and laboratory.
Details of outbreak:
First administrative division (province) Lower administrative division (district) Type of epide-miolo-gical unit Name of the location Date of start of the outbreak Spe-cies Number of animals in the outbreak susceptible cases deaths destroyed slaugh-tered Hadarom Ashkelon farm En Zurim 20 June 2006 bov 605 30 0 30 0 Description of affected population: dairy cows. The affected farm (295 milking cows, 175 fattening bulls and 135 female calves) is a closed unit into which no new animals are introduced. The herd is of cooperative type.
Diagnosis:
Laboratory where diagnostic tests were performed Species examined Diagnostic tests used Date Results Kimron veterinary institute (national laboratory) bov - histopathological examination
- electron microscopy
- PCR(1)
20-23 June 2006 positive Source of outbreak or origin of infection: unknown or inconclusive.
Control measures undertaken:
- control of arthropods;
- modified stamping out;
- quarantine in a 3-km-radius zone around the outbreak;
- movement restrictions in a 3-km-radius zone around the outbreak;
- screening in a 10-km-radius zone around the outbreak;
- ring vaccination in a 3-km-radius zone around the outbreak;
- dipping/spraying.
Vaccination in response to the outbreak:
First administrative division Species Total number of animals vaccinated Details of the vaccine Hadarom bov 4,000 live attenuated sheep pox vaccine RM65 Treatment of affected animals: no.
Vaccination prohibited: no.
Other details/comments:
- There are five localities with commercial cattle herds in a 3-km-radius zone around the outbreak. All the cattle in these localities are being vaccinated.
- The Israeli veterinary services have taken steps to prevent the spread of the disease. So far, no new outbreaks have been observed.
Final report: no.
(1) PCR: polymerase chain reaction
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* *SCRAPIE IN HUNGARY
See also: 27 July 2006, 6 July 2006
(Disease never reported before in Hungary).
Immediate notification report
Information received on 27 June 2006 from Dr Miklós Süth, Chief Veterinary Officer, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Budapest:
Report date: 27 June 2006.
Reason for immediate notification: first occurrence of a listed disease or infection in a country or zone/compartment.
Date of first confirmation of the event: 26 June 2006.
Date of start of the event: 29 May 2006.
Clinical disease: no.
Nature of diagnosis: laboratory.
Details of outbreak:
First administrative division Type of epide-miolo-gical unit Name of the location Latitude Longitude Date of start of the outbreak Spe-cies Number of animals in the outbreak susceptible cases deaths destroyed slaugh-tered Fejér county farm Sákeresztúr 46º98'27''N 18º55'46''E 29 May 2006 ovi 564* 2 2 0 0 cap 19** 0 0 0 0 * 414 ewes, 8 rams and 142 young sheep under 12 months
** 8 breeding females, 1 breeding male and 10 young goats under 12 months
Description of affected population: two sheep in a large-scale farm, aged 85 months and 125 months, respectively.
Diagnosis:
Laboratory where diagnostic tests were performed Species examined Diagnostic tests used Date Results Central Veterinary Institute, Budapest ovi Biorad TeSeE rapid test 2 June 2006 positive immunohistochemical (IHC) test 23 June 2006 positive Primary discriminatory immuno-blotting indicated that both cases can be ascribed to the classic form of scrapie. The genotyping of the animals is in progress. The CVI will send samples to the European Community Reference Laboratory for further investigations.
Source of outbreak or origin of infection: unknown or inconclusive.
Control measures
A. Undertaken:
- quarantine.
B. To be undertaken:
- the entire animal population in the outbreak will be killed soon. The whole carcasses of these animals will be destroyed as category 1 material in line with regulation (EC) No. 1774/2002;
- screening;
- disinfection of infected premises/establishment(s).
Final report: no.
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* *MISCELLANEOUS: AVIAN INFLUENZA IN UKRAINE (IN WILDLIFE) (FOLLOW-UP REPORT NO. 3)
See also: 27 July 2006, 13 July 2006, 22 June 2006, 1 June 2006, 18 May 2006
Information received on 23 June 2006 from Dr Ivan Yuriyovych Bisyuk, Head and Chief Veterinary Officer, State Department for Veterinary Medicine, Ministry of Agricultural Policy, Kiev:
End of previous report period: 15 June 2006 (see Disease Information, 19 [25], 490, dated 22 June 2006).
End of this report period: 23 June 2006.
Identification of agent: highly pathogenic avian influenza virus subtype H5.
Date of first confirmation of the event: 9 May 2006.
Date of start of the event: 20 April 2006.
Since 12 May 2006, a veterinary control post (supported by the police force) has been established on the coast at Arbatskaya and has been in operation 24 hours a day. No movements of live poultry or poultry products have been registered in private backyards in the villages of Strilkove, Schastlivtsevo, Gengirka and Priozernoye.
No cases of clinical disease or deaths in any species of poultry have been registered. Daily clinical examination of poultry kept in private backyards is being conducted.
Samples were sent to the OIE Reference Laboratory for avian influenza in Weybridge, United Kingdom, for confirmation of the diagnosis.
Final report: no.
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* *MISCELLANEOUS: HIGHLY PATHOGENIC AVIAN INFLUENZA IN CHINA (PEOPLE'S REP. OF ~) (IN WILDLIFE) (FOLLOW-UP REPORT NO. 4)
See also: 21 September 2006, 3 August 2006, 15 June 2006, 8 June 2006, 1 June 2006, 27 April 2006, 2 February 2006
Information received on 26 June 2006 from Mr Jia Youling, Director General, Veterinary Bureau, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing:
End of previous report period: 9 June 2006 (see Disease Information, 19 [24], 472, dated 15 June 2006).
End of this report period: 23 June 2006.
Identification of agent: highly pathogenic avian influenza virus subtype H5N1.
Date of first confirmation of the event: 19 April 2006.
Date of start of the event: 13 April 2006.
Clinical disease: yes.
Nature of diagnosis: clinical and laboratory.
Details of outbreaks (updated data):
First administrative division (province) Name of the location Type of epide-miolo-gical unit Date of start of the outbreak Spe-cies Number of animals in the outbreaks susceptible cases deaths destroyed slaugh-tered Qinghai Yushu (county) NA* 23 April 2006 fau … 533 533 0 0 Guolou (district) NA 21 May 2006 fau … 451 451 0 0 Tibet Naqu (district) NA 21 May 2006 fau … 1,524 1,524 0 0 * NA: not applicable
New outbreak:
First administrative division (province) Name of the location (county) Type of epide-miolo-gical unit Date of start of the outbreak Spe-cies Number of animals in the outbreak susceptible cases deaths destroyed slaugh-tered Tibet Dangxiong NA* 26 May 2006 fau … 57 57 0 0 * NA: not applicable
Affected population: migratory birds.
Diagnosis:
Laboratory where diagnostic tests were performed Species examined Diagnostic tests used Date Results Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (national reference laboratory for avian influenza) fau - haemagglutination inhibition test
- virus isolation
- RT-PCR(1)
3 May-6 June 2006 positive Control measures undertaken:
- quarantine;
- movement control inside the country;
- screening;
- disinfection;
- dipping/spraying.
Treatment of affected animals: no.
Vaccination prohibited: no.
Other details/comments: vaccination of poultry.
Final report: no.
(1) RT-PCR: reverse transcriptase - polymerase chain reaction
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* *MISCELLANEOUS: HENDRA VIRUS FINDINGS IN QUEENSLAND, AUSTRALIA
See also: 16 November 2006, 9 November 2006, 18 November 2005, 8 July 2005
Information received on 27 June 2006 from Dr Gardner Murray, Chief Veterinary Officer, Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry Australia (AFFA), Canberra:
Report date: 27 June 2006.
The Queensland Department of Primary Industries and Fisheries has advised that the Australian Animal Health Laboratory (AAHL) confirmed the diagnosis of Hendra virus in a horse on 23 June 2006.
The affected horse was a seventeen-year-old thoroughbred leisure horse on a Sunshine Coast hinterland property (80 km north of Brisbane, Queensland). Signs of illness, including swollen discoloured lips and fever, were noted on 12 June and the horse died on 14 June 2006.
Initial pathology results were negative, but after additional days of cell culture growth, mild cytopathic effects were evident. A positive PCR result for Hendra virus was found when the supernatant of the cell culture was tested and “paramyxovirus-like” particles were seen with electron microscopy. Further testing, including sequencing the material in the culture, led to a positive diagnosis of Hendra virus infection.
Blood samples have been taken from the only other horse on the property and one horse on an adjoining property; both of these horses are clinically well. The property contains part of a colony of flying foxes (fruit bats in the genus Pteropus). The property has been placed under quarantine and disinfection of areas potentially exposed to virus at the time of the death has been performed.
There have been five previous incidents involving Hendra virus in Australia and none has spread from the initial focus. The 1994 outbreak was confined to stables near Brisbane, the 1995 death of a cane farmer near Mackay was an isolated incident. In the cases in 1999 and 2004, single horses were affected with no involvement of other horses.
Queensland Health has been notified and is assessing people linked to this case.
This case does not reflect a change in the known distribution of Hendra virus in Australia. Hendra virus is a viral infection associated with flying foxes. Sporadic infections may occur in horses that come in close contact with infected flying foxes or their body fluids.
Hendra virus is not highly contagious: horses are thought to be infected by eating material heavily contaminated with the virus (e.g. via bat urine or birth products). Signs in horses typically include breathing difficulties, high fever, and blood-tinged foamy discharge from nose and mouth.
(1) PCR: polymerase chain reaction
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