[top]Disease Information
23 March 2006
Vol. 19 - No. 12Contents
CLASSICAL SWINE FEVER IN BRAZIL
Follow-up report No. 1See also: 22 June 2006, 8 June 2006, 1 June 2006, 25 May 2006, 27 April 2006, 13 April 2006, 6 April 2006, 9 March 2006
Translation of information received on 15 March 2006 from Dr Jorge Caetano Junior, Director, Department of Animal Protection (DDA), Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Food Supply, Brasilia:
End of previous report period: 7 March 2006 (see Disease Information, 19 [10], 201, dated 9 March 2006).
End of this report period: 15 March 2006.
Identification of agent: classical swine fever virus.
Date of first confirmation of the event: 6 March 2006.
Date of start of the event: 22 February 2006.
Clinical disease: yes.
Nature of diagnosis: clinical, post-mortem and laboratory.
Details of outbreak (updated data):
First administrative division (State) Lower administrative division (municipality) Type of epide-miolo-gical unit Latitude Longitude Date of start of the outbreak Spe-cies Number of animals in the outbreak suscepti-ble cases deaths destroyed slaugh-tered Paraíba Cuitegi farm 6Ί53'49.4''S 35Ί30'14.9''W 22 Feb. 2006 sui 170* 66 49 121 0 * A further 39 animals were born after the initial visit.
Affected population: small holding (rearing and breeding).
Source of outbreak or origin of infection: unknown or inconclusive.
Control measures undertaken:
- stamping out;
- quarantine;
- movement control inside the country;
- screening;
- zoning;
- disinfection of infected premises/establishment(s).
Treatment of affected animals: no.
Vaccination prohibited: yes.
Other details/comments:
the ban in the affected area at Cuitegi is being maintained with the introduction of two monitoring posts;
a 10-km-radius security zone around the outbreak is being maintained, comprising an infected zone (3-km radius around the outbreak) and a surveillance zone (7-km radius around the infected zone);
continuous inspection of all the holdings in the security zone: to date, 111 holdings with a total of 1,128 pigs have been visited; to date, no other outbreaks have been notified;
actions for health education and information;
an epidemiological investigation is in progress.
Vaccination is still prohibited in the the entire country, including the area of the outbreak.
Final report: no.
*
* *AVIAN INFLUENZA IN MYANMAR
Follow-up report No. 1See also: 7 September 2006, 27 April 2006, 16 March 2006
Information received on 16 March 2006 from Dr U Maung Maung Nyunt, Director General, Livestock Breeding and Veterinary Department, Ministry of Livestock and Fisheries, Yangon:
End of previous report period: 12 March 2006 (see Disease Information, 19 [11], 223, dated 16 March 2006).
End of this report period: 16 March 2006.
Identification of agent: highly pathogenic avian influenza virus subtype H5N1.
Date of first confirmation of the event: 12 March 2006.
Date of start of the event: 8 March 2006.
Clinical disease: yes.
Nature of diagnosis: clinical, post-mortem and laboratory.
New outbreaks:
First administrative division (division) Lower administrative division (district) Type of epide-miolo-gical unit Name of the location Date of start of the outbreak Spe-cies Number of animals in the outbreaks susceptible cases deaths destroyed slaugh-tered Mandalay Mandalay farm Pyigyidagun 8 March 2006 avi 784 112 112 672 0 Mandalay Mandalay farm Pyigyidagun 13 March 2006 avi 2,600 400 400 2,200 0 Mandalay Mandalay farm Pyigyidagun 14 March 2006 avi 2,300 200 200 2,100 0 Mandalay Mandalay farm Amarapura 14 March 2006 avi 1,300 210 210 1,290 0 Mandalay Mandalay farm Pyigyidagun 15 March 2006 avi 5,600 100 100 5,500 0 Mandalay Mandalay farm Pyigyidagun 15 March 2006 avi 4,900 300 300 4,600 0 Mandalay Mandalay farm Pyigyidagun 15 March 2006 avi 2,400 50 50 2,350 0 Sagoing Shwebo farm Khinoo 13 Feb. 2006 avi 155 155 5 150 0 Affected populations: layers chickens and quail.
Diagnosis:
Laboratories where diagnostic tests were performed Species examined Diagnostic tests used Date Results - Regional Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Mandalay
- Central Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Yangon
avi -- rapid test;
- PCR.
9-12 March 2006 positive for H5N1 Source of outbreaks or origin of infection: unknown or inconclusive.
Control measures undertaken:
- stamping out;
- zoning;
- disinfection of infected premises/establishment(s).
Treatment of affected animals: no.
Vaccination prohibited: yes.
Final report: no.
*
* *AVIAN INFLUENZA IN ISRAEL
See also: 27 July 2006, 8 June 2006, 6 April 2006, 30 March 2006
(Date of previous outbreak of highly pathogenic avian influenza in Israel reported to the OIE: 1988).
Immediate notification report
Information received on 16, 17 and 18 March 2006 from Dr Moshe Chaimovitz, Director of Veterinary and Animal Health Services, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Beit-Dagan:
Report date: 18 March 2006.
Reason for immediate notification: re-occurrence of a listed disease or infection in a country following a report declaring the outbreak(s) ended.
Identification of agent: highly pathogenic avian influenza virus subtype H5N1.
Date of first confirmation of the event: 16 March 2006.
Date of start of the event: 16 March 2006.
Clinical disease: yes.
Nature of diagnosis: clinical, post-mortem and laboratory.
Details of outbreaks:
First administrative division (region) Lower administrative division (district) Type of epide-miolo-gical unit Name of the location Date of start of the outbreak Spe-cies Number of animals in the outbreaks susceptible cases deaths destroyed slaugh-tered HaDarom Beer-Sheva farm En Hashelosha 16 March 2006 avi 12,000 1,800 1,800 10,200 0 HaDarom Beer-Sheva farm Holit 16 March 2006 avi 30,000 9,000 9,000 21,000 0 HaDarom Ashkelon village Sede Moshe 17 March 2006 avi 6,500 500 500 6,000 0 Jesuralem Jesuralem farm Nahshon 17 March 2006 avi 20,000 500 500 19,500 0 Description of affected population: fattening turkeys 16 weeks old.
Diagnosis:
Laboratory where diagnostic tests were performed Location of the outbreak(s) Species examined Diagnostic tests used Date Results Kimron Veterinary Institute, Beit Dagan En Hashelosha, Holit and Sede Moshe turkey PCR(1) (H5) 16 March 2006 positive PCR (H5N1) 17 and 18 March 2006 positive virus isolation 18 March 2006 positive haemagglutination test (HA) 18 March 2006 positive haemagglutination inhibition test (HI) 18 March 2006 positive PCR (H5) 18 March 2006 positive PCR (N1) 18 March 2006 pending Nahshon turkey PCR (H5N1) 18 March 2006 positive - virus isolation;
- HI.
18 March 2006 pending Source of outbreaks or origin of infection: unknown or inconclusive.
Control measures undertaken:
- stamping out (all birds in the affected flocks have been destroyed and buried);
- quarantine;
- movement restrictions enforced within a 3-km-radius around the outbreaks;
- screening;
- zoning.
Treatment of affected animals: no.
Other details/comments: epidemiological surveys are underway in a 10-km-radius zone around the outbreaks.
Final report: no.
(1) PCR: polymerase chain reaction
*
* *AVIAN INFLUENZA IN SWEDEN
See also: 17 August 2006
(Highly pathogenic avian influenza has never been reported before in Sweden).
Immediate notification report
Information received on 20 March 2006 from Dr Leif Denneberg, Chief Veterinary Officer, Swedish Board of Agriculture, Jönköping:
Report date: 20 March 2006.
Reason for immediate notification: first occurrence of a listed disease or infection in a country or zone/compartment.
Identification of agent: highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) virus subtype H5.
Date of first confirmation of the event: 17 March 2006.
Date of start of the event: 24 February 2006.
Clinical disease: no.
Nature of diagnosis: laboratory.
Details of outbreak:
First administrative division (county) Lower administrative division Type of epide-miolo-gical unit Name of the location Date of start of the outbreak Spe-cies Number of animals in the outbreak susceptible cases deaths destroyed slaugh-tered Kalmar
(county No. 8)Oskarshamn farm Gässhult 24 Feb. 2006 avi 692 1 0 692 0 Description of affected population: in a holding (fenced area) which included game birds (500 farmed mallards [Anas platyrhynchos]), 150 pheasants, 30 pigeons, 10 backyard hens and 2 peafowls, 50 samples were taken from mallards and pheasants. HPAI virus subtype H5 was found in one mallard.
Diagnosis:
Laboratory where diagnostic tests were performed Species examined Diagnostic tests used Date Results National Veterinary Institute, Uppsala mallard - PCR(1);
- sequence analysis.
17 March 2006 - positive H5
- amino acid sequence at cleavage site indicates a highly pathogenic avian influenza profile
Source of outbreak or origin of infection: contact with wild birds.
Control measures undertaken:
- control of wildlife reservoirs;
- stamping out;
- movement control inside the country;
- screening;
- zoning;
- disinfection of infected premises/establishment(s).
Treatment of affected animals: no.
Vaccination prohibited: yes.
Other details/comments:
- There are no commercial poultry in the area.
- The holding was placed under supervision on 24 March 2006, since it is located within the surveillance zone already implemented due to findings in wild birds.
- All birds were clinically healthy at the time of sampling and there is no high mortality among wild birds noted in the area.
- Samples were sent to OIE Reference Laboratory for avian influenza, Veterinary Laboratories Agency (VLA), Weybridge, United Kingdom, for confirmation.
Final report: no.
(1) PCR: polymerase chain reaction
*
* *FOOT AND MOUTH DISEASE IN TURKEY
in Thrace region (Follow-up report No. 2)See also: 5 October 2006, 13 July 2006, 22 June 2006, 6 April 2006, 2 March 2006, 9 February 2006
Information received on 17 March from Dr Hüseyin Sungur, Director General, General Directorate of Protection and Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Ankara:
End of previous report period: 23 February 2006 (see Disease Information, 19 [9], 166, dated 2 March 2006).
End of this report period: 17 March 2006.
Identification of agent: foot and mouth disease virus type A.
Date of first confirmation of the event: 1 February 2006.
Date of start of the event: 21 January 2006.
Details of outbreaks: see Disease Information, 19 [9], 166, dated 2 March 2006.
Other details/comments:
- Within the framework of the spring vaccination campaigns, a total of 234,054 large animals and 108,497 small animals were vaccinated in Thrace region (Kirklareli, Edirne, Canakkale, Istanbul and Tekirdag provinces).
- As of 16 March 2006, the outbreaks in Kirklareli-Urunlu, Kirklareli-Kayali and Kirklareli-Kavakdere were considered to have ended; as of 15 March 2006, the outbreaks in Kirklareli-Seyitler and Kirklareli-Karamusul were considered to have ended.
Final report: no.
*
* *HIGHLY PATHOGENIC AVIAN INFLUENZA IN TURKEY
Follow-up report No. 9See also: 17 August 2006, 18 May 2006, 11 May 2006, 27 April 2006, 20 April 2006, 13 April 2006, 6 April 2006, 30 March 2006, 9 March 2006, 2 March 2006, 2 March 2006, 23 February 2006, 2 February 2006, 26 January 2006, 19 January 2006, 12 January 2006, 30 December 2005, 9 December 2005, 18 November 2005, 28 October 2005, 14 October 2005, 14 October 2005
Information received on 16 March 2006 from Dr Hüseyin Sungur, Director General, General Directorate of Protection and Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Ankara:
End of previous report period: 7 March 2006 (see Disease Information, 19 [10], 203, dated 9 March 2006).
End of this report period: 16 March 2006.
Precise identification of agent: highly pathogenic avian influenza virus subtype H5N1.
Date of first confirmation of the event: 26 December 2005.
Date of start of the event: 15 December 2005.
Clinical disease: yes.
Nature of diagnosis: clinical, post-mortem and laboratory.
New outbreaks:
First administrative division (province) Lower administrative division Type of epide-miolo-gical unit Name of the location Date of start of the outbreak Species Number of animals in the outbreak suscep
tiblecases deaths des-
troyedslaugh-tered Batman Merkez village Akca Koyu 18 Jan 2006 avi 2,183 20 20 2,163 0 Elazig Keban village Denizli Koyu 26 Jan 2006 avi 84 1 1 83 0 Istanbul Buyukcekmece village 19 Mayis 3 March 2006 avi 1,641 6 6 1,635 0 Kayseri Talas village Cebir Koyu 6 March 2006 avi Kirsehir Kaman village Cadirli Kor Mehmet 3 March 2006 avi 1,463 24 24 1,439 0 Kocaeli Kandira village Goncaaydin Koyu 5 March 2006 avi 1,684 149 149 1,535 0 Mardin Merkez village Istasyon mah 16 Jan 2006 avi Siirt Kurtalan village Gurgoze Koyu 24 Feb 2006 avi Tokat Zile village K.Karayun Koyu 6 Jan 2006 avi 1,466 4 4 1,462 0 Tokat Zile village Kirlar Koyu 6 Jan 2006 avi 799 2 2 797 Description of affected population: to date, only one outbreak, in Elazig province, has occurred in a small-scale commercial broiler poultry flock. All the other outbreaks have occurred in backyard (village) poultry flocks.
Diagnosis:
Outbreak Laboratories where diagnostic tests were performed Species examined Diagnostic tests used Date Results Batman Bornova Veterinary Control and Research Institute turkey haemagglutination inhibition 9 March 2006 positive for H5 Elazig Central Veterinary Control and Research Institute chicken RT-PCR(1) 13 March 2006 positive for H5N1 Istanbul Pendik Veterinary Control and Research Institute chicken RT-PCR(1) 8 March 2006 positive for H5N1 Kayseri Central Veterinary Control and Research Institute chicken haemagglutination inhibition 13 March 2006 positive for H5 Kirsehir Central Veterinary Control and Research Institute chicken haemagglutination inhibition 10 March 2006 positive for H5 Kocaeli Pendik Veterinary Control and Research Institute chicken RT-PCR(1) 7 March 2006 positive for H5N1 Mardin Bornova Veterinary Control and Research Institute chicken RT-PCR(1) 9 March 2006 positive for H5N1 Siirt Central Veterinary Control and Research Institute chicken haemagglutination inhibition 7 March 2006 positive for H5 Tokat Central Veterinary Control and Research Institute chicken haemagglutination inhibition 9 Feb 2006 positive for H5 Tokat Central Veterinary Control and Research Institute chicken haemagglutination inhibition 9 Feb 2006 positive for H5 Source of outbreaks or origin of infection: contact with infected animal(s) at grazing/watering and contact with wild animals.
Control measures undertaken:
- stamping out;
- quarantine;
- movement control inside the country;
- screening;
- zoning;
- disinfection of infected premises/establishment(s).
Treatment of affected animals: no.
Vaccination prohibited: yes.
Final report: no.
(1) RT-PCR: reverse transcriptase - polymerase chain reaction
*
* *NEWCASTLE DISEASE IN JAPAN
Follow-up report No. 1See also: 11 May 2006, 9 March 2006, 9 December 2005
Information received on 17 March 2006 from Dr Hirofumi Kugita, Chief Veterinary Officer, Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Tokyo:
End of previous report period: 6 March 2006 (see Disease Information, 19 [10], 198, dated 9 March 2006).
End of this report period: 17 March 2006.
Date of first confirmation of the event: 4 March 2006.
Date of start of the event: 2 March 2006.
Identification of agent: Newcastle disease virus.
Clinical disease: yes.
Nature of diagnosis: clinical and laboratory.
New outbreak:
First administrative division (prefecture) Lower administrative divisions (county) Type of epide-miolo-gical unit Name of the location Date of start of the outbreak Species Number of animals in the outbreak susceptible cases deaths destroyed slaugh-tered Fukuoka Yamato farm Yamakawa town 14 March 2006 avi 447 437 29,652 0 Description of affected population:
The affected population (chickens) showed clinical signs, such as depression and increased mortality.
Diagnosis:
Laboratories where diagnostic tests were performed Species examined Diagnostic tests used Date Results Chikugo Livestock Hygiene Service Center avi virus isolation 17 March 2006 positive Source of outbreak or origin of infection: unknown or inconclusive.
Control measures undertaken:
- movement control inside the country;
- vaccination;
- disinfection of infected establishment.
Control measures to be undertaken:
- modified stamping out.
Treatment of affected animals: no.
Vaccination prohibited: no.
Other details:
On-site investigations have been made in commercial farms within a 5-km radius of the infected farms. Vaccination against Newcastle disease is also recommended to poultry farms in the same prefecture.
Final report: no.
*
* *AVIAN INFLUENZA IN ROMANIA
Follow-up report No. 22See also: 21 December 2006, 15 June 2006, 8 June 2006, 25 May 2006, 18 May 2006, 4 May 2006, 30 March 2006, 16 March 2006, 9 March 2006
Information received on 17 March 2006 from Dr Gabriel Predoi, Director General, National Sanitary Veterinary and Food Safety Authority, Bucharest:
End of previous report period: 14 March 2006 (see Disease Information, 19 [11], 219, dated 16 March 2006).
End of this report period: 17 March 2006.
Identification of agent: highly pathogenic avian influenza virus subtype H5N1.
Date of first confirmation of the event: 7 October 2005.
Date of start of the event: October 2005.
Nature of diagnosis: clinical and laboratory.
New outbreaks:
First administrative division (county) Lower administrative division (district) Name of the location (village) Date of start of the outbreak Species Number of animals in the outbreaks suscepti-ble cases deaths destroyed slaugh-tered Tulcea Samova Samova 13 March 2006 fau 1 1 0 0 Tulcea Valea Nucarilor Valea Nucarilor 13 March 2006 avi 16 16 2 14 0 Description of affected populations:
- Outbreak in Samova: coot (Fulica atra)
- Outbreak in Valea Nucarilor: hens in a backyard premises, in the Danube Delta area.
Diagnosis:
Laboratory where diagnostic tests were performed Species examined Diagnostic tests used Date Results Institute for Diagnostic and Animal health (national reference laboratory) hens and coot - rapid detection test;
- RT-PCR(1);
- virus isolation.
16 March 2006 positive Source of outbreaks: contact with infected animal(s) at grazing/watering; contact with wild animals.
Control measures
A. Undertaken:
- stamping out;
- quarantine;
- movement control inside the country;
- screening;
- zoning;
- disinfection of infected premises/establishments.
B. To be undertaken:
- control of wildlife reservoirs.
Treatment of affected animals: no.
Vaccination prohibited: no.
Final report: no.
(1) RT-PCR: reverse transcriptase - polymerase chain reaction
*
* *AVIAN INFLUENZA IN AFGHANISTAN
(Date of previous outbreak of highly pathogenic avian influenza in Afghanistan reported to the OIE: 2002).
Immediate notification report
Information received on 20 March 2006 from Dr Azizullah Osmani, General President of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Services, Ministry of Agriculture, Animal Husbandry and Food, Kabul:
Report date: 20 March 2006.
Reason for immediate notification: re-occurrence of a listed disease or infection in a country.
Identification of agent: highly pathogenic avian influenza virus subtype H5N1.
Date of first confirmation of the event: 15 March 2006.
Date of start of the event: 2 March 2006.
Clinical disease: yes.
Nature of diagnosis: clinical, post-mortem and laboratory.
Details of outbreaks:
First administrative division (province) Name of the location (village) Date of start of the outbreak Spe-cies Number of animals in the outbreaks susceptible cases deaths destroyed slaugh-tered Jalalabad Center 2 March 2006 avi 4 4 Kabul Qasaba 6 March 2006 avi 1 Jalalabad Khoiani 6 March 2006 avi 2 2 Kabul Dasht-e-Barchi 9 March 2006 avi 8 8 Kabul Charqala 12 March 2006 avi Jalalabad Center 12 March 2006 avi Jalalabad Wazir 12 March 2006 avi Kabul Dasht-e-Barchi 12 March 2006 avi 3 2 Kabul Center 13 March 2006 avi Laghman Haidary 13 March 2006 avi 6 4 Vardak Nerkh 15 March 2006 avi Kabul Center 18 March 2006 avi Kunar Tisha 19 March 2006 fau 1 1 0 0 Description of affected population: chicken, turkeys and a crow.
Diagnosis:
Laboratories where diagnostic tests were performed Species examined Diagnostic tests used Date Results Central diagnostic laboratory, Kabul avi ELISA positive OIE/FAO Reference Laboratory for avian influenza and Newcastle disease, Padova, Italy avi - PCR (genes M, H5 and N1);
- sequence analysis.
15 March 2006 - positive for H5N1
- amino acid sequence at cleavage site indicates a highly pathogenic avian influenza profile
Source of outbreaks or origin of infection: unknown or inconclusive.
Control measures undertaken:
- quarantine;
- movement control inside the country;
- disinfection of infected premises/establishment(s).
Treatment of affected animals: no.
Final report: no.
*
* *MISCELLANEOUS: AVIAN INFLUENZA IN SWEDEN (IN WILDLIFE)
Immediate notification report
Information received on 16 March 2006 from Dr Leif Denneberg, Chief Veterinary Officer, Swedish Board of Agriculture, Jönköping:
Report date: 16 March 2006.
Date of first confirmation of the event: 15 March 2006.
Date of start of the event: 24 February 2006.
Identification of agent: avian influenza virus subtype H5N1.
Clinical disease: yes.
Nature of diagnosis: clinical and laboratory.
Details of outbreaks:
First administrative division (county) Type of epidemiolo-gical unit Name of the location Date of start of the outbreak Species Number of animals in the outbreaks susceptible cases deaths destroyed slaugh-tered Kalmar NA* Oskarshamn 24 Feb. 2006 fau 2 2 0 0 Blekinge NA Karlskrona 3 March 2006 fau 1 1 0 0 Södermanland NA Oxelösund 6 March 2006 fau 3 3 0 0 Gotland NA Gotland 7 March 2006 fau 2 2 0 0 Gotland NA Fårö Gotland 15 March 2006 fau 6 6 0 0 * NA: not applicable
Description of affected population:
- Oskarshamn: 2 tufted ducks (Aythya fuligula)
- Oxelösund: 3 tufted ducks (Aythya fuligula)
- Karlskrona: 1 greater scaup (Aythya marila)
- Gotland: 2 tufted ducks (Aythya fuligula)
- Fårö Gotland: 5 tufted ducks (Aythya fuligula) and 1 greater scaup (Aythya marila)
Diagnosis:
Laboratories where diagnostic tests were performed Species examined Diagnostic tests used Date Results National Veterinary Institute, Uppsala fau - PCR (H5 and M genes)
- sequence analysis
24 Feb 2006 - positive
- amino acid sequence at cleavage site indicates a highly pathogenic avian influenza profile
OIE Reference Laboratory, Veterinary Laboratories Agency, Weybridge, United Kingdom fau virus isolation and N-typing 15 March 2006 positive for HPAI H5N1 virus Source of outbreaks or origin of infection: unknown or inconclusive.
Control measures undertaken:
- movement control inside the country;
- screening;
- zoning.
Treatment of affected animals: no.
Vaccination prohibited: yes.
Other details:
- A total of 243 dead wild birds from the aforementioned areas were analysed between 10 February and 15 March 2006. Thirty-six were positive for HPAI subtype H5.
- No high mortality among wild birds has been noted. It is late in the season and temperatures are below freezing, so some dead birds are to be expected at this time of the year.
Final report: no.
*
* *MISCELLANEOUS: HIGHLY PATHOGENIC AVIAN INFLUENZA IN HONG KONG, SPECIAL ADMINISTRATIVE REGION OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA (IN WILDLIFE) (Follow-up report No. 1) (Final report)
See also: 26 January 2006
Information received on 20 March 2006 from the Director of the Agriculture, Fisheries and Conservation Department (AFCD), Hong Kong:
End of previous report period: 20 January 2006 (see Disease Information, 19 [4], 72, dated 26 January 2006).
End of this report period: 20 March 2006.
Identification of agent: avian influenza virus subtype H5N1.
Date of first confirmation of the event: 10 January 2006.
Date of start of the event: 4 - 8 January 2006.
Clinical disease: yes
Nature of diagnosis: laboratory.
Details of outbreaks:
Name of the location Type of epidemio-logical unit Date of start of the event Species Number of animals in the outbreaks suscep-tible cases deaths destro-yed slaugh-tered Tai Po NA* 10 Jan 2006 Oriental magpie robin (Copsychus saularis) 1 1 0 0 Sha Tau Kok NA 26 Jan 2006 Oriental magpie robin (Copsychus saularis) 1 1 0 0 Wong Tai Sin NA 31 Jan 2006 crested myna (Acridotheres cristatellus) 1 1 0 0 Sha Tau Kok NA 31 Jan 2006 chicken** (Gallus domesticus) 1 1 0 0 Sham Tseng NA 3 Feb 2006 common magpie (Pica pica sericea) 1 1 0 0 Tuen Mun NA 3 Feb 2006 little egret (Egretta garzetta) 1 1 0 0 Tuen Mun NA 6 Feb 2006 chicken** (Gallus domesticus) 1 1 0 0 Mong Kok NA 7 Feb 2006 Japanese white-eye (Zosterops japonica simplex) 1 1 0 0 Sham Shui Po NA 16 Feb 2006 common magpie (Pica pica sericea) 1 1 0 0 Mong Kok NA 17 Feb 2006 common magpie (Pica pica sericea) 1 1 0 0 Repulse Bay NA 20 Feb 2006 munia (Lonchura spp.) 1 1 0 0 Wan Chai NA 20 Feb 2006 white-rumped munia Lonchura striata) 1 1 0 0 Sham Shui Po NA 20 Feb 2006 large-billed crow (Corvus macrorhynchus) 1 1 0 Cheung Sha Wan NA 21 Feb 2006 house crow (Corvus splendens) 1 1 0 0 Shek Kip Mei NA 23 Feb 2006 house crow (Corvus splendens) 1 1 0 0 Shouson Hill NA 25 Feb 2006 common magpie (Pica pica sericea) 1 1 0 0 * NA: not applicable. ** chicken (see below)
During the recent enhanced local dead wild bird surveillance exercise (in progress since October 2005), during which all dead birds found in Hong Kong are being collected and submitted for avian influenza testing, 2 dead chickens from different locations were also collected and submitted. These chickens were not found in a poultry farm or live poultry markets.
Diagnosis:
Laboratories where diagnostic tests were performed Species examined Diagnostic tests used Date Results Tai Lung Veterinary Laboratory, Agriculture, Fisheries and Conservation Department, Hong Kong fau - HA
- real time RT-PCR (H5 gene)
- positive
- positive
Department of Microbiology,University of Hong Kong fau - RT-PCR (N1 gene)
- sequence analysis
10 Jan - 6 Feb 2006 - positive
- amino acid sequence at cleavage site indicates a highly pathogenic avian influenza profileThe H5-HA genes of these viruses have the highest homology ((99%) to each others HA1 gene and high homology (98%) to that of A/Dk/Hunan/5806/03[H5N1].
Phylogenetic analysis showed that these viruses all belong to H5N1 genotype V, which has previously been recorded in southern China, Japan and South Korea.
Source of outbreaks or origin of infection: unknown or inconclusive.
Control measures undertaken:
- movement control inside the country;
- screening.
Treatment of affected animals: no.
Vaccination prohibited: no.
Other details:
The intensive avian influenza surveillance system in Hong Kong showed no outbreaks of H5N1 infection in local poultry farms and live poultry markets.
From 2005 to the end of February 2006, over 11,400 faecal or cloacal/tracheal swabs from local poultry farms, 15,300 from wholesale or retail live poultry markets, 3,200 from waterfowl and aviaries in recreational parks, 3,500 from pet bird shops and markets and 13,700 from wild birds were tested in Hong Kong as part of the avian influenza surveillance programme.
There have been no reports of unusual mortality in wild birds.
All chicken farms are routinely vaccinated with inactivated H5N2 vaccine and each batch of chickens has 60 unvaccinated individually identified sentinels, which are monitored over the production life of the batch.
Final report: yes.
*
* *MISCELLANEOUS: AVIAN INFLUENZA IN POLAND (IN WILDLIFE) (Follow-up report No. 2)
See also: 8 June 2006, 11 May 2006, 20 April 2006, 13 April 2006, 6 April 2006, 16 March 2006, 9 March 2006
Information received on 20 March 2006 from Dr Krzysztof Jazdzewski, Chief Veterinary Officer, General Veterinary Inspectorate, Warsaw:
End of previous report period: 13 March 2006 (see Disease Information, 19 [11], 231, dated 16 March 2006).
End of this report period: 20 March 2006.
Identification of agent: highly pathogenic avian influenza virus subtype H5N1.
Date of first confirmation of the event: 6 March 2006.
Date of start of the event: 2 March 2006.
Clinical disease: yes.
Nature of diagnosis: clinical and laboratory.
New outbreaks:
First administrative division Lower administrative division Type of epide-miolo-gical unit Name of the location Date of start of the outbreak Spe-cies Number of animals in the outbreaks susceptible cases deaths destroyed slaugh-tered Bydgoski Bydgoszcz NA* Bydgoszcz 8 March 2006 fau ... 1 1 0 0 Bydgoski Bydgoszcz NA* Bydgoszcz 14 March 2006 fau ... 1 1 0 0 * NA: not applicable
Description of affected population: wild swans.
Diagnosis:
Laboratory where diagnostic tests were performed Species examined Diagnostic tests used Date Results National Veterinary Research Institute, Pulawy wild swans - RT-PCR(1) (H5)
- RT-PCR (N1)
- virus isolation
- RT-PCR(1) (H5)- RT-PCR (N1)- virus isolation
11-17 March 2006 positive Source of outbreaks or origin of infection: unknown or inconclusive.
Control measures undertaken:
- movement control inside the country;
- screening;
- zoning;
- dipping/spraying.
Treatment of affected animals: no.
Vaccination prohibited: yes.
Final report: no.
(1) RT-PCR: reverse transcriptase - polymerase chain reaction
*
* *MISCELLANEOUS: AVIAN INFLUENZA IN KAZAKHSTAN (IN WILDLIFE)
(Date of previous outbreak of highly pathogenic avian influenza in Kazakhstan reported to the OIE: July 2005).
Immediate notification report
Translation of information received on 21 March 2006 from Dr Asilbek A. Kozhumratov, Director, Veterinary Control Department, Ministry of Agriculture, Astana:
Report date: 21 March 2006.
Reason for immediate notification: re-occurrence of a listed disease or infection in a country or zone/compartment following a report declaring the outbreak(s) ended.
Identification of agent: highly pathogenic avian influenza virus subtype H5N1.
Date of first confirmation of the event: 17 March 2006.
Date of start of the event: 10 March 2006.
Clinical disease: no.
Nature of diagnosis: laboratory.
Details of outbreak:
First administrative division (region) Lower administrative division Type of epide-miolo-gical unit Name of the location Date of start of the outbreak Spe-cies Number of animals in the outbreak susceptible cases deaths destroyed slaugh-tered Mangghystau Aktau NA Cape Peschannyi 10 March 2006 fau 3 3 * NA: not applicable
Description of affected population: wild swans.
Diagnosis:
Laboratories where diagnostic tests were performed Species examined Diagnostic tests used Date Results National Centre of monitoring, reference, laboratory diagnostics and methodology in veterinary medicine, National University, Astana wild swans - PCR(1);
- haemagglutination test.
17 March 2006 positive for H5 Scientific Research Institute for Agriculture, Otar wild swans - rapid test. 17 March 2006 positive for H5N1 Institute for Microbiology and Virology, Almaty wild swans - virus isolation;
- PCR;
- sequence analysis.
17 March 2006 - positive for H5N1 ;
- amino acid sequence at cleavage site indicates a highly pathogenic avian influenza profile.
Treatment of affected animals: no.
Other details/comments: vaccination of domestic birds against highly pathogenic avian influenza has begun in Mangghystau and Atyrau regions.
Final report: no.
*
* *MISCELLANEOUS: AVIAN INFLUENZA IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA (IN WILDLIFE) (Follow-up report No. 1)
See also: 23 February 2006
Information received on 22 March 2006 from Dr Jozo Bagaric, Head of the State Veterinary Administration of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Sarajevo:
End of previous report period: 20 February 2006 (see Disease Information, 19 [8], 147, dated 23 February 2006).
End of this report period: 22 March 2006.
Precise identification of agent: avian influenza virus subtype H5N1.
Date of first confirmation of the event: 20 February 2006.
Date of start of the event: 16 February 2006.
Clinical disease: yes.
Nature of diagnosis: clinical, post-mortem and laboratory.
Details of outbreak (reminder):
First administrative division (canton) Lower administra-tive division (municipality) Type of epide-miolo-gical unit Name of the location Latitude Longitude Date of start of the outbreak Spe-cies Number of animals in the outbreak susceptible cases deaths des-troyed slaugh-tered Srednjobosanski Jajce NA* Plivsko lake 44.34694Ί N 17.18855Ί E 16 Feb. 2006 fau approx. 150 2 0 15 0 * NA: not applicable
Diagnosis:
Laboratory where diagnostic tests were performed Species examined Diagnostic tests used Date Results OIE Reference Laboratory, Veterinary Laboratories Agency (VLA), Weybridge, United Kingdom swans - virus isolation;
- sequence analysis.
25 Feb. 2006 - positive for H5N1;
- amino acid sequence at cleavage site indicates a highly pathogenic avian influenza profile
Control measures undertaken:
- by 22 February 2006, all 2,872 domestic poultry present within a 3-km radius around Plivsko Lake, where the positive swans were found, were killed and disposed in a safe manner;
- control of wildlife reservoirs;
- quarantine;
- movement control inside the country;
- screening;
- zoning;
- disinfection of infected premises/establishment(s);
- dipping/spraying.
Other details/comments:
- During the period from 2 to 5 March 2006, intensive sampling was carried out in the surveillance zone (10-km radius around Plivsko lake), during which 1,214 samples were obtained from the domestic poultry population (blood samples and cloacal swabs); all the samples gave negative results.
- There have been no new cases, and all animals tested in surveillance zone have given negative results.
- From 22 March 2006, all the protection measures applied in the area of the outbreak will be lifted.
Final report: no.
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