[top]Disease Information
11 November 2005
Vol. 18 - No. 45Contents
AVIAN INFLUENZA IN JAPAN
Follow-up report No. 4See also: 27 July 2006, 19 January 2006, 9 December 2005, 18 November 2005, 23 September 2005, 26 August 2005, 29 July 2005
Information received on 4 November 2005 from Dr Hirofumi Kugita, Chief Veterinary Officer, Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Tokyo:
End of previous report period: 16 September 2005 (see Disease Information, 18 [38], 311, dated 23 September 2005).
End of this report period: 4 November 2005.
Precise identification of agent: low pathogenic avian influenza virus subtype H5N2.
Date of first confirmation of the event: 26 June 2005.
Date of start of the event: 24 June 2005.
Nature of diagnosis: laboratory.
Details of new outbreaks:
First administrative division (Prefecture) Lower administrative division Type of epidemiological unit Date of start of the outbreak Species Number of animals in the outbreaks susceptible cases* deaths destroyed slaugh-tered Ibaraki Ogawa municipality farm 3 Oct. 2005 avi 82,000 … 0 0 0 Ibaraki Ibaraki municipality farm 4 Nov. 2005 avi 300,000 … 0 0 0 * The affected birds showed few or no clinical signs.
Diagnosis:
Laboratories where diagnostic tests were performed Diagnostic tests used Date Results National Institute of Animal Health (national reference laboratory) - agar gel precipitation test;
- haemagglutination inhibition test.
from 31 Oct. 2005 to 4 Nov. 2005 positive Livestock Hygiene Service Center in Ibaraki Prefecture virus isolation from 31 Oct. 2005 to 4 Nov. 2005 negative Source of outbreaks or origin of infection: unknown or inconclusive.
Control measures
A. Undertaken:
- quarantine;
- movement control on farms within a radius of 5 km of the infected farms;
- screening;
- zoning;
- disinfection of infected premises/establishments.
B. To be undertaken:
- all chickens in farms where the infection has been confirmed, except for those kept in premises with strict biosecurity equipment, are to be destroyed.
Vaccination prohibited: yes.
Final report: no.
Note by the OIE Animal Health Information Department: the neuraminidase is yet to be confirmed.
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* *NEWCASTLE DISEASE IN TURKEY
See also: 14 December 2006, 30 November 2006, 9 November 2006, 21 September 2006, 27 July 2006, 11 May 2006, 9 March 2006, 9 February 2006, 30 December 2005, 9 December 2005, 9 December 2005
(Date of previous outbreak of Newcastle disease in Turkey reported to the OIE: June 2004).
Immediate notification report
Information received on 8 November 2005 from Dr Nihat Pakdil, General Director of Protection and Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Ankara:
Report date: 8 November 2005.
Reason for immediate notification: re-occurrence of a listed disease or infection in a country following a report declaring the outbreak(s) ended.
Date of first confirmation of the event: 1 November 2005.
Date of start of the event: 20 October 2005.
Nature of diagnosis: clinical and laboratory.
Details of outbreak:
First administrative division (province) Lower administrative division (district) Type of epidemiological unit Name of the location Species Number of animals in the outbreak susceptible cases deaths destroyed slaugh-tered Bursa Inegöl village Akbaslar avi 816 120 120 696 0 Description of affected population: backyard poultry flocks.
Diagnosis:
Laboratory where diagnostic tests were performed Diagnostic tests used Date Results Bornova Veterinary Control and Research Institute inoculation into embryonated chicken eggs 1 Nov. 2005 positive Source of outbreak or origin of infection: unknown or inconclusive.
Control measures undertaken:
- stamping out;
- quarantine;
- movement control inside the country;
- zoning;
- disinfection of infected premises/establishments.
Treatment of affected animals: no.
Other details/comments:
- In the outbreak area, a total of 120 sick birds died and the 696 remaining live birds were culled by gassing with CO2 in bins and their owners were compensated. All carcasses were buried that same day with lime in two pits dug on the farms premises.
- Clinical surveillance has been started in the zone.
- Biosecurity measures have been increased.
- Public awareness is being raised and training sessions are being conducted.
Final report: no.
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* *PORCINE REPRODUCTIVE AND RESPIRATORY SYNDROME IN SOUTH AFRICA
Follow-up report No. 2Information received on 8 November 2005 from Dr Botlhe Modisane, Senior Manager of Animal Health, National Department of Agriculture, Pretoria:
End of previous report period: 3 June 2005 (see Disease Information, 18 [23], 144, dated 10 June 2005).
End of this report period: 4 November 2005.
Date of first confirmation of the event: 17 June 2004.
Date of start of the event: 4 June 2004.
Clinical disease: no.
Nature of diagnosis: post-mortem and laboratory.
Details of new outbreaks:
Province District Type of epidemiological unit Name of the location Date of start of the outbreaks Species Number of animals in the outbreaks susceptible cases deaths destroyed slaugh-tered Western Cape Cape Town farm Doromburg De Noon 14 Oct. 2005 sui 28 … 0 0 28 Western Cape Cape Town farm Doromburg De Noon 14 Oct. 2005 sui 18 … 0 0 18 Description of affected population in the new outbreaks: two small-scale communal farms with mixed breeds.
Source of outbreaks or origin of infection: unknown or inconclusive.
Control measures undertaken:
- stamping out;
- quarantine;
- movement control inside the country;
- disinfection of infected premises/establishments.
After the first detection of the disease in South Africa, the infected farms were quarantined and stamping out and disinfecting of premises in the Cape Peninsula were undertaken from 17 August 2004 to December 2004. A cursory countrywide survey did not reveal any positive serology.
During October 2005, the disease was detected in new locations of the Cape Peninsula and the same strategy of stamping out and disinfecting premises is being followed.
Treatment of affected animals: no.
Vaccination prohibited: yes.
Final report: no.
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* *NEWCASTLE DISEASE IN FRANCE IN PIGEONS
Suspected outbreakSee also: 9 November 2006, 12 October 2006, 23 December 2005, 9 December 2005, 25 November 2005, 18 November 2005, 4 November 2005, 28 October 2005, 26 August 2005, 5 August 2005, 29 July 2005, 22 July 2005
Immediate notification report
Translation of information received on 8 November 2005 from Dr Monique Eloit, Deputy Director General, General Directorate for Food (DGAL), Ministry of Agriculture, Food, Fisheries and Rural Affairs, Paris:
Report date: 8 November 2005.
Reason for immediate notification: re-occurrence of a listed disease or infection in a zone of the country.
Precise identification of agent: avian paramyxovirus type 1 (APMV1), pigeon variant.
Date of first confirmation of the event: 7 November 2005.
Date of start of the event: 31 October 2005.
Clinical disease: yes.
Nature of diagnosis: laboratory.
Details of outbreak (suspected):
First administrative division (department) Lower administrative division (district) Type of epidemio-logical unit Species Number of animals in the (suspected) outbreak susceptible cases deaths destroyed slaugh-tered Ille-et-Vilaine Louvigné-de-Bais farm avi 8,500 8,500 300 8,200 0 Description of affected population: fattening pigeons.
Diagnosis: the clinical signs recorded in this farm (raised mortality, nervous and respiratory signs), as well as the positive serological results obtained and the isolation of APMV1, are suggestive of Newcastle disease.
Laboratory where diagnostic tests were performed Diagnostic tests used Date Results Côtes-d'Armor Department Laboratory - haemagglutination inhibition test;
- virus isolation.
7 Nov. 2005 positive for APMV1 intracerebral pathogenicity index test in progress pending Source of outbreaks or origin of infection: unknown or inconclusive. Contact with wild birds is suspected.
Control measures undertaken:
- stamping out (carried out as a preventive measure on 7 November 2005 in the afternoon);
- quarantine;
- disinfection of infected premises/establishment.
Vaccination prohibited: no.
Other details/comments:
- There has not been any movement of birds from this farm to other countries during the 21-day risk period before the onset of the clinical signs (the first clinical signs were observed on 31 October 2005).
- The birds from that farm were for slaughter purposes only.
- The preliminary results of the investigations carried out in the neighbouring farms indicate the absence of clinical signs of Newcastle disease.
Final report: no.
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* *NEWCASTLE DISEASE IN GREECE
See also: 26 August 2005, 8 July 2005
(Date of previous outbreak of Newcastle disease in Greece reported to the OIE: June 2005).
Immediate notification report
Information received on 9 November 2005 from Dr Vasilios Stylas, Head, Animal Health Directorate, Ministry of Agriculture, Athens:
Report date: 9 November 2005.
Reason for immediate notification: re-occurrence of a listed disease or infection in a country following a report declaring the outbreak(s) ended.
Date of first confirmation of the event: 7 November 2005.
Date of start of the event: 2 November 2005.
Nature of diagnosis: clinical, post-mortem and laboratory.
Details of outbreak:
First administrative division Lower administrative division (prefecture) Type of epidemiological unit Name of the location Species Number of animals in the outbreak susceptible cases deaths destroyed slaugh-tered Central Macedonia Thessaloniki farm Diavata-Sindos- avi 3,100 3,100 324 2,776 0 Description of affected population: vaccinated layer hens raised under a conventional system. The farm consists of one building with two cage rows and the total capacity is 3,100 layers. At the time of the outbreak, 1,600 layers were 18 months old and 1,500 layers were 4 months old.
Diagnosis:
Laboratory where diagnostic tests were performed Diagnostic tests used Date Results national reference laboratory for Newcastle disease, Athens - virus isolation in embryonated fowl eggs;
- haemagglutination test;
- haemagglutination inhibition test.
7 Nov. 2005 positive According to the information collected during an on-the-spot check made by the veterinary authority of Thessaloniki on 2 November 2005, the first signs to be observed were respiratory. Blood and tissue samples were collected and sent to the National Reference Laboratory for Newcastle disease (ND) in Athens on 3 November 2005. According to information supplied by the above laboratory on 7 November 2005, brain samples tested positive for ND in embryonated eggs and blood samples showed high titres for ND. All samples tested negative for avian influenza. As regards the vaccination status of the flock, the owner claims that the older hens were vaccinated against ND with a LaSota vaccine in their drinking water in August 2005 and the younger hens were vaccinated with the same type of vaccine and method of administration by the supplier around early September 2005.
The isolates are to be sent as soon as possible to the OIE and European Union Reference Laboratory for ND (Weybridge, United Kingdom) for an intracerebral pathogenicity index test.
Source of outbreak: unknown or inconclusive.
Control measures undertaken:
- stamping out;
- zoning;
- disinfection of infected premises/establishment(s);
- dipping/spraying;
Due to the fact that a significant number of deaths (around 50 birds/day) was observed, a prefectural decision was officially issued on 2 November 2005 for the implementation of appropriate measures in the case of suspected ND, in accordance with European Union Council Directive 92/66/EEC.
Vaccination prohibited: no.
Other details/comments: investigations are already taking place in neighbouring farms, with negative findings so far.
Final report: no.
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* *HIGHLY PATHOGENIC AVIAN INFLUENZA IN CHINA (PEOPLE'S REP. OF ~)
Follow-up report No. 6See also: 5 October 2006, 17 August 2006, 27 July 2006, 6 July 2006, 22 June 2006, 8 June 2006, 9 February 2006, 12 January 2006, 5 January 2006, 16 December 2005, 2 December 2005, 25 November 2005, 18 November 2005, 11 November 2005, 4 November 2005, 28 October 2005, 21 October 2005, 12 August 2005
Information received on 9 November 2005 from Mr Jia Youling, Director General, Veterinary Bureau, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing:
End of previous report period: 3 November 2005 (see Disease Information, 18 [44], 416, dated 4 November 2005).
End of this report period: 9 November 2005.
Precise identification of agent: highly pathogenic avian influenza virus subtype H5N1.
Date of first confirmation of the event: 7 June 2005.
Nature of diagnosis: clinical, post-mortem and laboratory.
Description of affected population in the new outbreaks: chickens.
Diagnosis:
Laboratory where diagnostic tests were performed Diagnostic tests used Date Results Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin (national reference laboratory for avian influenza) - haemagglutination inhibition test;
- RT-PCR(1).
9 November 2005 positive intravenous pathogenicity index (IVPI) test 9 November 2005 positive (highly pathogenic) Source of new outbreaks: contact with wild birds.
Control measures undertaken:
- killing and destruction of all birds remaining alive in the outbreaks (10,490) and 489,510 birds in the area around the outbreaks;
- quarantine;
- movement control inside the country;
- screening;
- zoning;
- vaccination;
- disinfection of infected premises/establishments;
- dipping/spraying.
Final report: no.
(1) RT-PCR: reverse transcriptase - polymerase chain reaction
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* *HIGHLY PATHOGENIC AVIAN INFLUENZA IN CHINA (PEOPLE'S REP. OF ~)
Follow-up report No. 7See also: 5 October 2006, 17 August 2006, 27 July 2006, 6 July 2006, 22 June 2006, 8 June 2006, 9 February 2006, 12 January 2006, 5 January 2006, 16 December 2005, 2 December 2005, 25 November 2005, 18 November 2005, 11 November 2005, 4 November 2005, 28 October 2005, 21 October 2005, 12 August 2005
Information received on 10 November 2005 from Mr Jia Youling, Director General, Veterinary Bureau, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing:
End of previous report period: 9 November 2005 (see Disease Information, 18 [45], 424, dated 11 November 2005).
End of this report period: 10 November 2005.
Precise identification of agent: highly pathogenic avian influenza virus subtype H5N1.
Date of first confirmation of the event: 7 June 2005.
Nature of diagnosis: clinical, post-mortem and laboratory.
Details of the new outbreak:
First administrative division Lower administrative division Type of epidemiological unit Name of the location Date of start of the outbreak Species Number of animals in the outbreak susceptible cases deaths destroyed slaugh-tered Liaoning province Jinzhou municipality village Beining 6 Nov. 2005 avi 5,800 860 300 5,500 0 Description of affected population in the new outbreak: chickens.
Diagnosis:
Laboratory where diagnostic tests were performed Diagnostic tests used Date Results Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin (national reference laboratory for avian influenza) - haemagglutination inhibition test;
- RT-PCR(1) .
10 November 2005 positive intravenous pathogenicity index (IVPI) test 10 November 2005 positive (highly pathogenic) Source of new outbreak: contact with wild birds.
Control measures undertaken:
- killing and destruction of all birds remaining alive in the outbreak (5,500) and 2,500,500 birds in the area around the outbreak;
- quarantine;
- movement control inside the country;
- screening;
- zoning;
- vaccination;
- disinfection of infected premises/establishments;
- dipping/spraying.
Vaccination in response to the outbreaks:
First administrative division Total number of birds vaccinated Details of the vaccine Liaoning province 198,000,000 - monovalent inactivated vaccine against subtype H5N2;
- recombinant inactivated vaccine against subtype H5N1;
- live recombinant fowlpox virus-vectored H5 vaccine.
Final report: no.
(1) RT-PCR: reverse transcriptase - polymerase chain reaction
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* *MISCELLANEOUS: AVIAN INFLUENZA SURVEILLANCE IN THE PALESTINIAN AUTONOMOUS TERRITORIES
Information received on 8 November 2005 from Dr Imad Mukarker, Deputy Director General, Veterinary Services and Animal Health, Palestinian National Authority, Nablus:
Report date: 8 November 2005.
Continuous monitoring and surveillance for avian influenza is being performed for indoor and outdoor birds. The collected samples are examined at the laboratory of the Palestinian National Authority, using the haemagglutination inhibition (HI) test according to the OIE guidelines, and at the laboratory of Beit-Dagan, Israel. To date, more than 100 flocks have been investigated: all samples were negative, except for one flock in which avian influenza due to virus subtype H9N2 was registered in mid-August 2005. The outbreak involved 6,500 broilers, aged 35 days. The mortality rate was 80%. The outbreak was confirmed at Beit-Dagan laboratory using HI and ELISA(1) tests.
In addition to the ongoing routine surveillance activity, a National Emergency Plan, consisting of two phases, was prepared and the implementation of the first phase has already started.
A special web site on avian influenza (in Arabic) has been established and is accessible at www.birdflue.ps
(1) ELISA: enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
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© 2004 OIE
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