[top]Disease Information
4 November 2005
Vol. 18 - No. 44Contents
NEWCASTLE DISEASE IN FRANCE
Update on the situation as of 24 October 2005See also: 9 November 2006, 12 October 2006, 23 December 2005, 9 December 2005, 25 November 2005, 18 November 2005, 11 November 2005, 28 October 2005, 26 August 2005, 5 August 2005, 29 July 2005, 22 July 2005
Information received on 28 October 2005 from Dr Monique Eloit, Deputy Director General, General Directorate for Food (DGAL), Ministry of Agriculture, Food, Fisheries and Rural Affairs, Paris:
End of previous report period: 21 October 2005 (see Disease Information, 18 [43], 384, dated 28 October 2005).
End of this report period: 24 October 2005.
An outbreak of Newcastle disease was confirmed on 21 October 2005, in a farm of 1,500 pheasants located in the municipality of Siracourt in the Pas de Calais département.
The outbreak concerns a pheasant farm where the initial clinical signs appeared on 20 September 2005. Each year, the farm brings in a single batch of six-week-old pheasants and raises them with a view to releasing them for hunting purposes. Because the symptoms appeared before the end of the rearing process, the establishment was placed under surveillance and all movement was prohibited. No animal has left the farm since.
After clinical signs of undetermined aetiology appeared on 20 September, the farms veterinarian carried out sampling to perform serological analyses on 27 September. The samples tested positive for Newcastle disease. Additional sampling on 4 October enabled the isolation, during the second embryonated egg passage, of avian paramyxovirus 1 (APMV1), pigeon variant. The intracerebral pathogenicity index (ICPI) was then found to be 1.61.
1. Chronology
Date Series of events and tests 20 September First clinical signs 27 September Sampling for serological testing 4 October Sampling for viral isolation 17 October Preventive culling of all pheasants on the premises 21 October Positive viral isolation during second passage. ICPI = 1.61 21 October Notification to OIE and European Commission 2. Measures taken in France
2.1. The Siracourt farm was blocked and placed under surveillance as of 4 October.
2.2. Following the test by the reference laboratory identifying haemagglutinating APMV1, pigeon variant, the Siracourt farms 1,500 animals were preventively culled on 17 October 2005. Preliminary disinfection operations began on this date.
2.3. The five farms within a 3-km radius (protection zone) and the 28 farms within a 10-km radius (surveillance zone) of the suspect farm were placed under official control. All poultry farms in the protection zone are blocked and subject to veterinary visits. In the surveillance zone, only the ban on animal movement applies.
3. Control of intra-Community trade and exports
As concerns the movement of poultry products defined by Article 2.7.13.4. of the Terrestrial Animal Health Code, the following measures were taken in compliance with European Community regulations:
3.1. Intra-Community trade
Intra-Community trade originating in the 3-km protection zone and the 10-km surveillance zone has been suspended.
3.2. Exports to non European Union member countries
Certification has been suspended for the export of French poultry products originating in the 3-km protection zone, the 10-km surveillance zone, and, if need be, zones defined by bilateral sanitary agreements.
4. Epidemiological investigation
4.1. Possible sources of infection
Given the date of the batchs delivery (9 July 2005) and of the appearance of clinical signs (20 September 2005), the most likely hypothesis at this time is contamination by wild animals (presence of pigeons in the surrounding area).
The epidemiological investigation is still underway.
4.2. Potential risks of spreading
The Siracourt farm is located in an area with a low farm density and without any hatchery.
Five farms were identified in the 3-km protection zone and are subject to health visits. No clinical sign of Newcastle disease has been observed.
Twenty-eight farms were identified in the 10-km surveillance zone.
Initial results from investigations conducted in the vicinity of the outbreak indicate the absence of clinical signs in neighbouring farms.
The epidemiological investigation confirmed that no animals had left the Siracourt farm since the single batch of 6.5-week-old pheasants was brought in on 9 July 2005. Moreover, the epidemiological investigation demonstrated that no unsafe poultry product originating from the Siracourt outbreak had been put on the French market, traded, or exported.
All of the farms under surveillance are blocked. Poultry products may not leave them as long as the surveillance measures remain in effect. All necessary protection measures have been put in place, including the preventive culling of all birds located in the outbreak zone as of 17 October 2005.
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* *FOOT AND MOUTH DISEASE IN BRAZIL
Follow-up report No. 7See also: 26 October 2006, 14 September 2006, 27 July 2006, 22 June 2006, 1 June 2006, 25 May 2006, 27 April 2006, 20 April 2006, 6 April 2006, 16 March 2006, 23 February 2006, 2 February 2006, 19 January 2006, 12 January 2006, 23 December 2005, 9 December 2005, 2 December 2005, 18 November 2005, 18 November 2005, 4 November 2005, 28 October 2005, 28 October 2005, 28 October 2005, 21 October 2005, 21 October 2005, 14 October 2005, 14 October 2005
Translation of information received on 29 October 2005 from Dr Jorge Caetano Junior, Director, Department of Animal Protection (DDA), Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Food Supply, Brasilia:
End of previous report period: 25 October 2005 (see Disease Information, 18 [43], 392, dated 28 October 2005).
End of this report period: 28 October 2005.
Precise identification of agent: foot and mouth disease (FMD) virus serotype O.
Date of first confirmation of the event: 8 October 2005.
Date of start of the event: 26 September 2005.
Nature of diagnosis: clinical and laboratory.
Surveillance activities in the five quarantined municipalities in the State of Mato Grosso do Sul have led to the detection of 10 new outbreaks of foot and mouth disease (FMD), diagnosed on the basis of clinical and epidemiological observations.
Details of new outbreaks:
First administrative division (State) Lower administrative division (municipality) Type of epidemiological unit Latitude Longitude Date of start of the outbreak Species Number of animals in the outbreaks susceptible cases deaths destroyed slaugh-tered Mato Grosso do Sul Eldorado farm 23 4705.2 S 54 2258.5 W 24 Oct. 2005 bov 43 1 0 0 Mato Grosso do Sul Japorã farm 23 5213.5 S 54 3236.3 W 17 Oct. 2005 bov 8 2 0 0 Mato Grosso do Sul Japorã farm 23 5205.3 S 54 3217.4 W 20 Oct. 2005 bov 1,113 32 0 0 Mato Grosso do Sul Japorã farm 23 5115.8 S 54 3202.9 W 21 Oct. 2005 bov 22 2 0 0 Mato Grosso do Sul Japorã farm 23Ί5043.4 S 54 3102.4 W 21 Oct. 2005 bov 34 9 0 0 Mato Grosso do Sul Japorã farm 23 5019.3 S 54 3224.1 W 21 Oct. 2005 bov 19 1 0 0 Mato Grosso do Sul Japorã farm 23 5244.6 S 54 2453.0 W 24 Oct. 2005 bov 26 2 0 0 sui 19 0 0 0 Mato Grosso do Sul Japorã farm 23 5026.0 S 54 3228.4 W 26 Oct. 2005 bov 16 1 0 0 Mato Grosso do Sul Japorã farm 23 5114.3 S 54 2812.6 W 27 Oct. 2005 bov 30 1 0 0 Mato Grosso do Sul Mundo Novo farm 23 4938.8 S 54 2305.8 W 19 Oct. 2005 bov 576 2 0 0 Description of affected population: fattening cattle. There have been no reports of suspected cases in species other than bovines.
The eight new outbreaks in Japorã municipality are all in close proximity to the four outbreaks previously notified in this district(1); seven of the new outbreaks are in small farms in a settlement comprising many small rural properties situated very close to one another and using the same methods of production and feeding for their small herds.
The outbreak in Mundo Novo municipality occurred in a large farm with fattening cattle situated not far from Japorã municipality.
The outbreak in Eldorado municipality occurred in a small farm situated very close to an outbreak previously notified in this municipality(2).
Source of outbreak: unknown or inconclusive (investigations in progress).
Control measures:
- Stamping out (in progress). To date, 1,612 cattle, 190 sheep and 49 pigs have been culled. Heavy rainfall, a regular occurrence in the region at this time of year, is hampering the culling and destruction of animals in the outbreaks.
- Disinfection of infected premises.
- The municipalities of Eldorado, Iguatemi, Itaquiraí, Japorã and Mundo Novo remain under quarantine. Twenty-five checkpoints were set up to prevent any movement of FMD-susceptible animals or their products/by-products originating from these districts to national or international markets.
- To date, 1,277 holdings comprising a total of 130,093 cattle, 2,888 sheep and goats and 3,202 pigs have been inspected in the zone where a movement ban is in force.
- The 25-km-radius safety zone around the new outbreaks lies completely within the boundary of the aforementioned five municipalities.
The control measures in the region involve the use of material and human resources from the State and Federal governments, with assistance from the law enforcement services at fixed checkpoints and mobile teams.
Other details/comments:
Five new suspected outbreaks of vesicular disease have been detected in the State of Paraná, all in farms adjoining the four properties previously reported in the municipalities of Amaporã, Loanda, Maringá and Grandes Rios(3). In this region, 211 properties have been inspected and no animals with a suspected vesicular disease have been discovered, apart from the nine suspected outbreaks reported to date.
Final report: no.
(1) See Follow-up report No. 3 and Follow-up report No. 4
(2) See Follow-up report No. 6
(3) See Follow-up report No. 5
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* *FOOT AND MOUTH DISEASE IN BRAZIL
Follow-up report No. 8See also: 26 October 2006, 14 September 2006, 27 July 2006, 22 June 2006, 1 June 2006, 25 May 2006, 27 April 2006, 20 April 2006, 6 April 2006, 16 March 2006, 23 February 2006, 2 February 2006, 19 January 2006, 12 January 2006, 23 December 2005, 9 December 2005, 2 December 2005, 18 November 2005, 18 November 2005, 4 November 2005, 28 October 2005, 28 October 2005, 28 October 2005, 21 October 2005, 21 October 2005, 14 October 2005, 14 October 2005
Translation of information received on 4 November 2005 from Dr Jorge Caetano Junior, Director, Department of Animal Protection (DDA), Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Food Supply, Brasilia:
End of previous report period: 28 October 2005 (see Disease Information, 18 [44], 401, dated 4 November 2005).
End of this report period: 3 November 2005.
Precise identification of agent: foot and mouth disease (FMD) virus serotype O.
Date of first confirmation of the event: 8 October 2005.
Date of start of the event: 26 September 2005.
Nature of diagnosis: clinical and laboratory.
Details of new outbreak:
First administrative division (State) Lower administrative division (municipality) Type of epidemiological unit Latitude Longitude Date of start of the outbreak Species Number of animals in the outbreak susceptible cases deaths des-troyed slaugh-tered Mato Grosso do Sul Japorã farm 23 4550.1 S 54 4019.5 W 31 Oct. 2005 bov 5,385 42 0 0 ovi 27 0 0 0 Description of affected population in the new outbreak: breeding and fattening cattle, all male, aged between 24 and 36 months. There have been no suspected clinical cases among the sheep present in the outbreak.
Source of new outbreak: unknown or inconclusive.
Control measures
A. Undertaken:
- quarantine;
- movement control inside the country;
- screening;
- zoning.
B. To be undertaken:
- stamping out;
- disinfection of infected premises/establishment(s).
Treatment of affected animals: no.
Other details/comments:
- Surveillance activities in the State of Mato Grosso do Sul have led to the detection of a new outbreak, diagnosed on clinical and epidemiological grounds, in Japorã municipality. The owner of the affected farm notified the official Veterinary Service of the outbreak on 1 November 2005 and the farm was immediately placed under quarantine. The farm has 5,385 fattening cattle and 27 sheep. Forty-two cattle aged between 24 and 36 months showed clinical signs of a vesicular disease. Samples have been sent to LANAGRO-PA(1) for laboratory confirmation.
Movement restriction measures are still in force in the municipalities of Eldorado, Iguatemi, Itaquiraí, Japorã and Mundo Novo, prohibiting any movement of FMD-susceptible animals or their products or by-products originating from these districts to national or international markets.
Culling and destruction of the animals in the outbreak is in progress. So far, 2,547 animals (2,308 cattle, 190 sheep and 49 pigs) have been slaughtered.
To date, in the State of Mato Grosso do Sul, 1,277 farms, with a total of 130,635 cattle, 3,230 sheep and goats and 3,255 pigs, have been inspected, throughout the quarantine zone. There have been no suspected cases in species other than bovines.
Control operations carried out in the region involve the use of material and human resources provided by the State and Federal governments, with law enforcement services manning mobile teams and fixed checkpoints, including five checkpoints on the international border.
Meetings are being organised with livestock producers in the affected areas and public awareness is being raised throughout the region.
- In the State of Paraná, there are still nine suspected outbreaks in four different municipalities (two suspected outbreaks in Maringá, one in Grandes Rios, four in Loanda and two in Amaporã)(2).
To date, 150 properties within a 3-km radius of the suspect farms, and 464 properties within a 10-km radius, have been visited.
Properties with animals that were obtained from the auction sales in Londrina (Paraná) are still under surveillance, but no animal has shown clinical signs of a vesicular disease other than in the nine suspect properties. The results of the laboratory diagnostic tests are still awaited.
Final report: no.
(1) LANAGRO-PA: National Agricultural Defence Laboratory, Belém, Pará
(2) See Follow-up report No. 5
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* *HIGHLY PATHOGENIC AVIAN INFLUENZA IN ROMANIA
Follow-up report No. 5See also: 2 March 2006, 23 February 2006, 16 February 2006, 19 January 2006, 5 January 2006, 30 December 2005, 23 December 2005, 16 December 2005, 9 December 2005, 2 December 2005, 2 December 2005, 25 November 2005, 18 November 2005, 4 November 2005, 28 October 2005, 21 October 2005, 21 October 2005, 14 October 2005, 14 October 2005
Information received on 31 October 2005 from Dr Gabriel Predoi, Director General, National Sanitary Veterinary and Food Safety Authority, Bucharest:
End of previous report period: 22 October 2005 (see Disease Information, 18 [43], 386, dated 28 October 2005).
End of this report period: 31 October 2005.
The avian influenza virus detected in a heron, found dead in Vaslui County on 21 October 2005, was confirmed to be of H5N1 subtype.
Conventional amino acid sequencing has revealed a motif of PQGERRRKKRGLF, a sequence consistent with high pathogenicity, and the same cleavage site sequence as in the Novosibirsk (Russia), Qinghai (People's Republic of China), Turkey and previous Romanian isolates.
Preliminary phylogenetic analysis (approx. 300 bp) places the Romanian isolate in the same grouping as the above viruses, with the closest matches being 100% with the chicken Romania Av 1210/05 and also the Turkey virus.
Final report: no.
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* *HIGHLY PATHOGENIC AVIAN INFLUENZA IN ROMANIA
Follow-up report No. 6See also: 2 March 2006, 23 February 2006, 16 February 2006, 19 January 2006, 5 January 2006, 30 December 2005, 23 December 2005, 16 December 2005, 9 December 2005, 2 December 2005, 2 December 2005, 25 November 2005, 18 November 2005, 4 November 2005, 28 October 2005, 21 October 2005, 21 October 2005, 14 October 2005, 14 October 2005
Information received on 1 November 2005 from Dr Gabriel Predoi, Director General, National Sanitary Veterinary and Food Safety Authority, Bucharest:
End of previous report period: 31 October 2005 (see Disease Information, 18 [44], 405, dated 4 November 2005).
End of this report period: 1 November 2005.
Date of first confirmation of the event: 7 October 2005.
Date of start of the event: 4 October 2005.
Nature of diagnosis: laboratory.
Details of new outbreak:
First administrative division (County) Lower administrative division (district) Type of epidemiological unit Name of the location Date of start of the outbreak Species Number of animals in the outbreak susceptible cases deaths destroyed slaugh-tered Constanta Mihai Viteazu village River Danube, in the vicinity of Vadu-Oii village 10 Oct. 2005 fau 3* 3 * 2 geese and 1 swan
Description of affected population in the new outbreak: the birds were found dead in an unpopulated area, at a distance of about 1 km from the River Danube, close to Vadu-Oii locality; the birds may have belonged to a flock of migratory birds.
Diagnosis:
Laboratory where diagnostic tests were performed Diagnostic tests used Date Results Institute for Diagnostics and Animal Health (national reference laboratory for avian influenza) virus isolation; genomic detection 1 Nov. 2005 positive for virus subtype H5 Source of new outbreak: unknown or inconclusive.
Treatment of affected animals: no.
Final report: no.
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* *NEWCASTLE DISEASE IN ISRAEL
See also: 28 October 2005, 28 October 2005, 14 October 2005, 16 September 2005, 2 September 2005, 12 August 2005, 29 July 2005
(Date of previous outbreak of Newcastle disease in Israel reported to the OIE: October 2005).
Immediate notification report
Information received on 31 October 2005 from Dr Moshe Chaimovitz, Director of Veterinary and Animal Health Services, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Beit-Dagan:
Report date: 31 October 2005.
Reason for immediate notification: re-occurrence of a listed disease in a zone following a report declaring the outbreaks ended.
Date of first confirmation of the event: 27 October 2005.
Date of start of the event: 25 October 2005.
Nature of diagnosis: clinical, post-mortem and laboratory.
Details of outbreak:
First administrative division Lower administrative division Type of epidemiological unit Name of the location Date of start of the outbreak Species Number of animals in the outbreak susceptible cases deaths destroyed slaugh-tered HaDarom Beer-Sheva village Hura 25 Oct. 2005 avi 500-800* 300 0 * The total population was estimated to be between 500 and 800 unvaccinated chickens.
Description of affected population: the outbreak occurred in multiple backyard chicken flocks. There were about twenty chickens in each holding.
Diagnosis:
Laboratories where diagnostic tests were performed Diagnostic tests used Date Results Kimron Veterinary Institute polymerase chain reaction (PCR) on swabs 27 Oct. 2005 positive intracerebral pathogenicity index (ICPI) test in progress pending Beer-Tuvia regional poultry disease laboratory pathogen isolation by egg inoculation 28 Oct. 2005 positive Source of outbreak or origin of infection: unknown or inconclusive.
Control measures undertaken:
- stamping out (the chicken population was destroyed on 28 October 2005);
- movement control inside the country;
- screening;
- vaccination;
- disinfection of infected premises.
Vaccination in response to the outbreak:
Species Total number of animals vaccinated Details of the vaccine poultry all flocks within a radius of 10 km live virus vaccine (VH strain) by spray; ICPI 0.15 In Israel, vaccination against Newcastle disease is compulsory. Orders were issued to all owners of poultry and other avian species within a radius of 10 km to perform an immediate booster vaccination.
Other details/comments: there are no commercial poultry flocks within a radius of 3 km around the outbreak.
Final report: no.
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* *HIGH MORTALITY OBSERVED IN WILD BIRDS IN IRAN
FINAL REPORT (BOTULISM DIAGNOSED)See also: 14 October 2005
Information received on 1 November 2005 from Dr Hassani, Head of Iran Veterinary Organization, Ministry of Jihad-e-Agriculture, Tehran:
End of previous report period: 12 October 2005 (see Disease Information, 18 [41], 351, dated 14 October 2005).
End of this report period: 31 October 2005.
Date of start of the event: 2 October 2005.
Details of outbreak (updated data):
First administrative division (province) Lower administrative division Type of epidemiological unit Name of the location Species Number of animals in the outbreak susceptible cases deaths destroyed slaugh-tered West Azerbaijan Poldasht Aras River (bordering Nakhjavan) fau 3,683 0 0 Description of affected population: wild waterfowl (wild ducks).
Diagnosis: no post-mortem lesions are seen in dead birds. Sick birds show weakness and paralysis in the neck and wings.
The tests that were done for avian influenza virus subtypes H5, H7 and H9 gave negative results(1). Negative results were also obtained with the tests for Newcastle disease (haemagglutination test), duck virus enteritis (RT-PCR(2)) and pasteurellosis.
However, positive results were obtained on 30 October 2005 with a specific bioassay for botulism.
Samples are being sent, this week, to the OIE Reference Laboratory for highly pathogenic avian influenza in Padova, Italy.
Source of outbreak or origin of infection: unknown or inconclusive.
Control measures undertaken:
- quarantine;
- movement control inside the country;
- screening;
- zoning;
- disinfection of infected areas.
Treatment of affected animals: no.
Final report: yes.
(1) See Immediate notification report
(2) RT-PCR: reverse transcriptase - polymerase chain reaction
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* *FOOT AND MOUTH DISEASE IN BOTSWANA
Follow-up report No. 2 (final report)See also: 9 November 2006, 9 November 2006, 10 August 2006, 10 August 2006, 13 July 2006, 13 July 2006, 22 June 2006, 8 June 2006, 18 May 2006, 11 May 2006, 27 April 2006, 9 September 2005, 19 August 2005
Information received on 2 November 2005 from Dr Musa Fanikiso, Director of Animal Health and Production, Ministry of Agriculture, Gaborone:
End of previous report period: 5 September 2005 (see Disease Information, 18 [36], 297, dated 9 September 2005).
End of this report period: 2 November 2005.
Precise identification of agent: foot and mouth disease (FMD) virus serotype SAT2.
Date of first confirmation of the event: 11 August 2005.
Date of start of the event: 28 July 2005.
The outbreak of foot and mouth disease (FMD) in cattle in Pandamatenga extension area has been controlled. The outbreak was successfully contained within the infected area and the majority of animals that were affected have recovered (i.e. lesions healed).
Description of affected population:
The population dynamics remain as in the last report, i.e. Pandamatenga extension area has about 1,300 cattle of which 800 are in the communal area and 500 in fenced farms. Extensive surveillance has shown that the disease is restricted only to communal herds, with almost all holdings/kraals affected; however lesions have now healed.
There is no disease in the fenced farms and other areas of Kasane district, which has a total of 16,000 cattle.
The disease has affected no other species except cattle.
Diagnosis (updated information):
Laboratories where diagnostic tests were performed Species examined Diagnostic tests used Date Results Botswana Vaccine Institute bov - solid-phase blocking ELISA(1);
- virus isolation.
2 Sept. 2005 positive for virus type SAT2 Pirbright Laboratory (United Kingdom) (OIE Reference Laboratory for FMD) bov virus isolation 2 Sept. 2005 positive for virus type SAT2 Control measures:
- The control measures described in the previous reports remain in force, i.e. blockade; disinfection; ban on the movement of live animals, their fresh products and most products of cloven-hoofed animal origin; and public education/awareness campaigns.
- Intensive surveillance continues in the form of daily visual inspections and fortnightly physical inspections. Some animals are expected to become carriers and sampling and testing of oesophago-pharyngeal samples will therefore commence soon.
- The vaccination strategy has not changed. Cattle in the district are due for the normal third leg vaccination against the disease in December 2005.
Final report: yes.
(1) ELISA: enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
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* *NEWCASTLE DISEASE IN SLOVAKIA
See also: 9 December 2005
(Date of previous outbreak of Newcastle disease in Slovakia reported to the OIE: 1980).
Immediate notification report
Information received on 2 November 2005 from Prof. Jozef Bíres, Director General, State Veterinary and Food Administration (SVFA), Bratislava:
Report date: 2 November 2005.
Reason for immediate notification: re-occurrence of a listed disease in a country.
Precise identification of agent: avian paramyxovirus 1 (APMV1), pigeon variant.
Date of first confirmation of the event: 26 October 2005.
Date of start of the event: 5 October 2005.
Nature of diagnosis: clinical and laboratory.
Details of outbreak:
First administrative division Lower administrative division Type of epidemiological unit Name of the location Species Number of animals in the outbreak susceptible cases deaths destroyed slaugh-tered ilina ilina village Lietavská Lúcka avi 150* 14 0 150 0 * pigeons
Diagnosis:
Laboratory where diagnostic tests were performed Diagnostic tests used Date Results State Veterinary Laboratory, Zvolen (national reference laboratory) - virus isolation in chicken embryos;
- haemagglutination inhibition test.
26 Oct. 2005 positive sequencing 26 Oct. 2005 amino acid sequence on cleavage site: 111-Gly-Arg- Arg-Lys-Lys-Arg-Phe-119 Source of outbreak or origin of infection: probably contact with town pigeons.
Control measures: in accordance with European Union legislation:
- within the zones, poultry cannot be moved without permission from SVFA;
- stamping out;
- cleaning and disinfection.
Vaccination prohibited: no.
Final report: no.
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* *VESICULAR STOMATITIS IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
Follow-up report No. 23See also: 28 December 2006, 7 December 2006, 23 November 2006, 16 November 2006, 2 November 2006, 26 October 2006, 19 October 2006, 12 October 2006, 5 October 2006, 28 September 2006, 21 September 2006, 14 September 2006, 7 September 2006, 31 August 2006, 24 August 2006, 13 April 2006, 16 February 2006, 26 January 2006, 12 January 2006, 23 December 2005, 9 December 2005, 18 November 2005, 28 October 2005, 21 October 2005, 14 October 2005, 7 October 2005, 30 September 2005, 23 September 2005, 16 September 2005, 2 September 2005, 26 August 2005, 19 August 2005, 5 August 2005, 29 July 2005, 15 July 2005, 8 July 2005
Information received on 2 November 2005 from Dr Peter Fernandez, Associate Administrator, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Washington, DC:
End of previous report period: 23 October 2005 (see Disease Information, 18 [43], 393, dated 28 October 2005).
End of this report period: 30 October 2005.
Precise identification of agent: vesicular stomatitis virus type New Jersey.
Date of first confirmation of the event: 27 April 2005.
Date of start of the event: 16 April 2005.
New outbreaks:
First administrative division (State) Lower administrative division (County) Type of epidemiological unit Name of the location Date of start of the outbreak Species Number of animals in the outbreaks susceptible cases deaths destroyed slaugh-tered Colorado Delta farm Crawford 17 Oct 2005 bov 31 2 0 0 0 equ 6 0 0 0 0 Colorado Mesa farm Grand Junction 28 Oct 2005 equ 4 1 0 0 0 Nebraska Scotts Bluff farm Lyman 12 Oct 2005 bov 16 1 0 0 0 ovi 251 0 0 0 0 Utah Box Elder farm Park Valley 20 Oct 2005 equ 14 7 0 0 0 bov 3 0 0 0 0 Utah Duchesne farm Bluebell 18 Oct 2005 equ 9 1 0 0 0 sui 12 0 0 0 0 Wyoming Big Horn farm Burlington 16 Oct 2005 equ 58 2 0 0 0 Wyoming Carbon farm Encampment 13 Oct 2005 bov 350 5 0 0 0 Wyoming Sweetwater farm McKinnen 12 Oct 2005 bov 120 3 0 0 0 Diagnosis:
Laboratories where diagnosis was made Species examined Diagnostic tests used Dates Results National Veterinary Services Laboratories, Ames, Iowa equ complement fixation test 28 October 2005 positive Foreign Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory, Plum Island, New York bov complement fixation test 28 October 2005 positive virus isolation 28 October 2005 positive (virus type New Jersey) Source of outbreaks or origin of infection: unknown or inconclusive (vectors?).
Control measures undertaken:
- control of arthropods;
- quarantine;
- on-going surveillance activities are being performed by APHIS Veterinary Services and Arizona, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nebraska, New Mexico, Texas, Utah and Wyoming State Departments of Agriculture personnel.
Treatment of affected animals: no.
Vaccination prohibited: yes.
Other details/comments:
- On 27 June 2005, the State of Texas released the quarantine of the one vesicular stomatitis premises in the State(1).
- On 17 August 2005, the State of Arizona released the quarantine on the last vesicular stomatitis premises in the State(1).
- On 18 October 2005, the State of New Mexico released the quarantine on the last two vesicular stomatitis premises in the State(1).
Final report: no.
(1) Note: no new vesicular stomatitis-positive premises have been reported in Texas since May 2005, in Arizona since June 2005 and in New Mexico since August 2005.
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* *AMERICAN FOULBROOD IN CHILE
Follow-up report No. 1See also: 30 March 2006, 2 March 2006, 26 January 2006, 12 January 2006, 23 December 2005, 16 December 2005, 9 December 2005, 2 December 2005, 25 November 2005, 18 November 2005, 28 October 2005
Translation of information received on 2 November 2005 from Dr Hernan Rojas Olavarria, Head, Department of Animal Protection, Department of Agriculture and Animal Production (SAG), Ministry of Agriculture, Santiago:
End of previous report period: 21 October 2005 (see Disease Information, 18 [43], 387, dated 28 October 2005).
End of this report period: 2 November 2005.
Precise identification of agent: Paenibacillus larvae subsp. larvae.
Date of first confirmation of the event: 20 October 2005.
Date of start of the event: 15 October 2005.
Nature of diagnosis: clinical and laboratory.
Details of new outbreaks:
First administrative division Lower administrative divisions Type of epide-miologi-cal unit Name of the location (sector) Latitude Longitude Date of start of the outbreak Es-pe-cie Number of animals in the outbreaks susce-ptible cases deaths des-troyed slaugh-tered V Region Putaendo apiary Casablanca 32 31΄55.1069S 70 39΄1.9727W 19 Oct. 2005 api 54* 5 0 0 Putaendo apiary El Tártaro 32 33΄57.9048S 70 43΄4.3929W 19 Oct. 2005 api 60* 3 0 0 Putaendo apiary Putaendo 32 38΄37.4408S 70 43΄10.4230 W 19 Oct. 2005 api 6* 1 0 0 Putaendo apiary Quebrada Herrera 32 41΄42.5204S 70 44΄52.9568 W 20 Oct. 2005 api 250* 5 0 0 VII Region Curicó, Rauco district apiary El Parrón 35 6΄5.2708S 71 23΄26.9982W 20 Oct. 2005 api 48* 6 0 0 * hives
Diagnosis:
Laboratory where diagnostic tests were performed Diagnostic tests used Date Results Department of Laboratories and Plant and Animal Quarantine Stations, Lo Aguirre, Santiago de Chile (official SAG laboratory) PCR(1) 2 Nov. 2005 positive Source of new outbreaks: contact and neighbourhood with affected hives.
Control measures
A. Undertaken:
- quarantine;
- movement control inside the country.
B. To be undertaken:
- partial stamping out;
- zoning.
Other details/comments:
The following measures were applied in the outbreaks:
- investigations into the origin of the outbreaks;
- delineation of focal zones and perifocal zones;
- identification of apiaries located in the focal and perifocal zones;
- sampling in apiaries located in the focal zone;
- inspection of apiaries considered as contacts;
- destruction of affected hives;
- quarantine of affected apiaries;
- investigations into possible links with other regions in the country;
- preparation of a manual of proceedings;
- dissemination of information via the media and Internet;
- establishment of a public/private sector committee.
Final report: no.
(1) PCR: polymerase chain reaction
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* *HIGHLY PATHOGENIC AVIAN INFLUENZA IN THAILAND
Follow-up report No. 75See also: 16 November 2006, 3 August 2006, 27 July 2006, 6 April 2006, 16 February 2006, 2 February 2006, 26 January 2006, 19 January 2006, 12 January 2006, 23 December 2005, 16 December 2005, 9 December 2005, 2 December 2005, 25 November 2005, 18 November 2005, 28 October 2005, 21 October 2005, 14 October 2005, 7 October 2005, 30 September 2005, 23 September 2005, 16 September 2005, 9 September 2005, 2 September 2005, 26 August 2005, 19 August 2005, 12 August 2005, 29 July 2005, 22 July 2005, 15 July 2005
Information received on 28 October and 4 November 2005 from Dr Yukol Limlamthong, Director General, Department of Livestock Development (DLD), Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives, Bangkok:
End of previous report period: 25 October 2005 (see Disease Information, 18 [43], 394, dated 28 October 2005).
End of this report period: 3 November 2005.
Date of first confirmation of the event: 23 January 2004.
Nature of diagnosis: clinical, post-mortem and laboratory.
Details of new outbreaks:
First administrative division (province) Lower administrative divisions Type of epidemiological unit Name of the location Date of start of the outbreak Species Number of animals in the outbreaks susceptible cases deaths destroyed slaugh-tered AngThong Thewarat, Chaiyo village village No. 1 28 Oct. 2005 avi 70 69 69 1 0 AngThong Thewarat, Chaiyo village village No. 4 28 Oct. 2005 avi 136 135 135 1 0 Kalasin HuaiMek, HuaiMek village village No. 10 27 Oct. 2005 avi 9 3 3 6 0 Kalasin KongKam, YangTaLad village village No. 16 25 Oct. 2005 avi 9 4 4 5 0 SuphanBuri BanDon, U Thong village village No. 1 26 Oct. 2005 avi 4,500 1,285 1,285 3,215 0 SuphanBuri ChoraKheSamPhan, U Thong village village No. 2 27 Oct. 2005 avi 40 10 10 30 0 SuphanBuri NongPhakNak, SamChuk village village No. 1 27 Oct. 2005 avi 11 1 1 10 0 SuphanBuri NongSaDao, SamChuk village village No. 6 27 Oct. 2005 avi 2,000 408 408 1,592 0 Description of affected population in the new outbreaks:
- Outbreaks in the provinces of AngThong and Kalasin: native chickens.
- Outbreaks in SuphanBuri province: laying hens, fighting cocks, Thai traditionally raised ducks.
Diagnosis:
Laboratory where diagnosis was made Diagnostic tests used Results National Institute of Animal Health and Regional Veterinary Research and Development Centres, DLD - agar-gel precipitation test;
- haemagglutination test;
- pathogen isolation by egg inoculation;
- intracerebral pathogenicity index test.
positive Source of new outbreaks: unknown or inconclusive.
Control measures undertaken:
- stamping out;
- quarantine;
- movement control inside the country;
- screening;
- zoning;
- disinfection of infected premises/establishments.
Vaccination prohibited: yes.
Other details/comments:
Thailand has been conducting the current nationwide surveillance since 1 July 2005.
In this third wave to date, there have been 72 confirmed outbreaks in ten provinces, since the second wave of HPAI re-occurrence that occurred from 3 July 2004 to 12 April 2005:
Affected province No. of outbreaks AngThong 2 Ayudhaya 1 Chainat 1 Kalasin 2 KamphaengPhet 25 KanchanaBuri 6 NakhonPathom 4 NonthaBuri 2 Saraburi 5 SuphanBuri 24 Nine of the ten affected provinces are in the Central Poultry Zone of Thailand (see details and map in Disease Information, 18 [35], 290-291, dated 2 September 2005). The other affected province, Kalasin, is in the North-Eastern Zone.
All cases involved either free-range poultry or poultry raised in farms with traditional husbandry practices with poor sanitation and insufficient biosecurity.
Affected population No. of outbreaks native poultry 52 quail 6 fighting cocks 5 broilers 4 ducks 3 laying hens 2 Final report: no.
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* *HIGHLY PATHOGENIC AVIAN INFLUENZA IN CHINA (PEOPLE'S REP. OF ~)
Follow-up report No. 5See also: 5 October 2006, 17 August 2006, 27 July 2006, 6 July 2006, 22 June 2006, 8 June 2006, 9 February 2006, 12 January 2006, 5 January 2006, 16 December 2005, 2 December 2005, 25 November 2005, 18 November 2005, 11 November 2005, 11 November 2005, 28 October 2005, 21 October 2005, 12 August 2005
Information received on 3 November 2005 from Mr Jia Youling, Director General, Veterinary Bureau, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing:
End of previous report period: 25 October 2005 (see Disease Information, 18 [43], 388, dated 28 October 2005).
End of this report period: 3 November 2005.
Precise identification of agent: highly pathogenic avian influenza virus subtype H5N1.
Date of first confirmation of the event: 7 June 2005.
Nature of diagnosis: clinical, post-mortem and laboratory.
Details of new outbreaks:
First administrative division Lower administrative division Type of epidemiological unit Name of the location Date of start of the outbreak Species Number of animals in the outbreaks susceptible cases deaths destroyed slaugh-tered Liaoning province Jinzhou municipality village Badaohao 26 Oct. 2005 avi 82,000 8,940 8,940* 73,060 0 fau 20** 0 * chickens
** magpies and other wild birds
Diagnosis:
On 26 October 2005, a number of deaths occurred among chickens raised by farmers in Badaohao, Heishan county, Liaoning province. At first, local veterinarians suspected Newcastle disease and reported the event to the Liaoning Animal Health Supervision Management Bureau. On 1 November, the veterinarians of the Bureau primarily diagnosed it as suspected highly pathogenic avian influenza, which was later laboratory confirmed.
Laboratory where diagnostic tests were performed Diagnostic tests used Date Results Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin (national reference laboratory for avian influenza) - haemagglutination inhibition test;
- RT-PCR(1).
3 November 2005 positive intravenous pathogenicity index (IVPI) test 3 November 2005 positive (highly pathogenic) Source of new outbreak: contact with wild birds.
Control measures undertaken:
- killing and destruction of all birds remaining in the outbreak (73,060) and 296,840 birds in the area around the outbreak;
- quarantine;
- movement control inside the country;
- screening;
- zoning;
- vaccination;
- disinfection of infected premises/establishments;
- dipping/spraying.
Vaccination in response to the outbreaks:
First administrative division Total number of birds vaccinated Details of the vaccine Liaoning province 13,900,000 monovalent inactivated vaccine against subtype H5N2 Final report: no.
(1) RT-PCR: reverse transcriptase - polymerase chain reaction
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* *NEWCASTLE DISEASE IN DENMARK
Follow-up report No. 1See also: 27 April 2006, 23 December 2005, 2 December 2005, 28 October 2005
Information received on 4 November 2005 from Dr Preben Willeberg, Chief Veterinary Officer, Danish Veterinary and Food Administration (DVFA), Søborg:
End of previous report period: 21 October 2005 (see Disease Information, 18 [43], 383, dated 28 October 2005).
End of this report period: 4 November 2005.
Date of first confirmation of the event: 21 October 2005.
Date of start of the event: 14 October 2005.
There have been no new outbreaks of Newcastle disease since the outbreak that was reported in the immediate notification report on 21 October 2005.
Diagnosis (additional information):
Laboratory where diagnostic tests were performed Diagnostic tests used Date Results Danish Institute for Food and Veterinary Research Intracerebral pathogenicity index (ICPI) test 28 Oct. 2005 ICPI = 1.79 Other details/comments:
- Based on the results of the sequencing analyses obtained on 21 October 2005, the Danish Veterinary and Food Administration (DVFA) decided to cull the affected flock and establish protection and surveillance zones around it. The culling of the flock was completed on 24 October 2005. The preliminary cleaning and disinfection of the establishment was approved by DVFA on 4 November 2005.
- Six farms have been examined for Newcastle disease because they had received day-old chicks from the infected establishment within the last month. The results of these investigations showed no evidence (either clinical or laboratory) that the disease had spread to these farms, and the restrictions on all six farms have been lifted.
Final report: no.
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