[top]Disease Information
6 April 2006
Vol. 19 - No. 14Contents
CLASSICAL SWINE FEVER IN BRAZIL
Follow-up report No. 2See also: 22 June 2006, 8 June 2006, 1 June 2006, 25 May 2006, 27 April 2006, 13 April 2006, 23 March 2006, 9 March 2006
Translation of information received on 29 March 2006 from Dr Jorge Caetano Junior, Director, Department of Animal Protection (DDA), Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Food Supply, Brasilia:
End of previous report period: 15 March 2006 (see Disease Information, 19 [12], 241, dated 23 March 2006).
End of this report period: 29 March 2006.
Identification of agent: classical swine fever virus.
Date of first confirmation of the event: 6 March 2006.
Date of start of the event: 22 February 2006.
Clinical disease: yes.
Nature of diagnosis: clinical, post-mortem and laboratory.
Details of outbreak: see Disease Information, 19 [12], 241, dated 23 March 2006.
Affected population: smallholding (rearing and breeding).
Source of outbreak or origin of infection: unknown or inconclusive.
Control measures undertaken:
- stamping out;
- quarantine;
- movement control inside the country;
- screening;
- zoning;
- disinfection of infected premises/establishment(s).
Treatment of affected animals: no.
Vaccination prohibited: yes.
Other details/comments:
- the ban in the affected area at Cuitegi is being maintained with the introduction of two monitoring posts;
- a 10-km-radius security zone around the outbreak is being maintained, comprising an infected zone (3-km radius around the outbreak) and a surveillance zone (a 7-km-wide band around the outside of the infected zone);
- continuous inspection of all the holdings in the security zone: to date, 163 holdings with a total of 2,125 pigs have been visited and no other outbreaks have been notified;
- ban on 44 holdings in the infected zone;
- an epidemiological investigation is in progress.
Vaccination is still prohibited in the entire country, including the area of the outbreak.
Final report: no.
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* *FOOT AND MOUTH DISEASE IN BRAZIL
Follow-up report No. 19See also: 26 October 2006, 14 September 2006, 27 July 2006, 22 June 2006, 1 June 2006, 25 May 2006, 27 April 2006, 20 April 2006, 16 March 2006, 23 February 2006, 2 February 2006, 19 January 2006, 12 January 2006, 23 December 2005, 9 December 2005, 2 December 2005, 18 November 2005, 18 November 2005, 4 November 2005, 4 November 2005, 28 October 2005, 28 October 2005, 28 October 2005, 21 October 2005, 21 October 2005, 14 October 2005, 14 October 2005
Translation of information received on 29 March 2006 from Dr Jorge Caetano Junior, Director, Department of Animal Protection (DDA), Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Food Supply, Brasilia:
End of previous report period: 15 March 2006 (see Disease Information, 19 [11], 227, dated 16 March 2006).
End of this report period: 29 March 2006.
Identification of agent: foot and mouth disease virus serotype O.
Date of first confirmation of the event: 8 October 2005.
Date of start of the event: 26 September 2005.
Other details/comments:
- In the State of Mato Grosso do Sul, tasks involving sentinel animals are being carried out.
- In the State of Paraná, stamping out in the outbreaks was completed on 28 March 2006. A total of 6,781 cattle were killed. There were no other susceptible species in the outbreaks.
Cleaning and disinfection have started and sentinel animals have begun to be introduced.
Compensation payments total 4,688,619.86 Brazilian reals (approximately 2,167,861.27 USD). The money comes from federal government and state resources.
Final report: no.
*
* *AVIAN INFLUENZA IN JORDAN
Follow-up report No. 1See also: 6 July 2006, 20 April 2006, 30 March 2006
Information received on 30 March 2006 from Dr Fares Bakhit Naser, Director of Veterinary Department, Ministry of Agriculture, Amman:
End of previous report period: 23 March (see Disease Information, 19 [13], 273, dated 30 March 2006).
End of this report period: 29 March 2006.
Identification of agent: highly pathogenic avian influenza virus subtype H5N1.
Date of first confirmation of the event: 23 March 2006.
Details of outbreak (corrected data):
First administrative division (governorate) Lower administrative division Type of epide-miolo-gical unit Name of the location Date of start of the outbreak Spe-cies Number of animals in the outbreak susceptible cases deaths destroyed slaugh-tered Ajloun Kofranja farm Kofranja 23 March 2006 avi 20,074 21 20 18,000 0 Diagnosis (additional tests):
Laboratory where diagnostic tests were performed Species examined Diagnostic tests used Date Results Animal Wealth Laboratory Department, Ministry of Agriculture turkey - haemagglutination inhibition test;
- virus isolation.
28 March 2006 positive for H5N1 Other details/comments:
- Compensation is paid to farmers for all slaughtered birds.
- To date, no further cases have been reported in the affected area or the surrounding areas.
Final report: no.
*
* *NEWCASTLE DISEASE IN ROMANIA
Follow-up report No. 10See also: 21 December 2006, 2 November 2006, 15 June 2006, 9 March 2006, 23 February 2006, 2 February 2006, 19 January 2006, 5 January 2006, 30 December 2005, 16 December 2005, 9 December 2005, 2 December 2005, 25 November 2005
Information received on 30 March 2006 from Dr Gabriel Predoi, Director General, National Sanitary Veterinary and Food Safety Authority, Bucharest:
End of previous report period: 2 March 2006 (see Disease Information, 19 [10], 191, dated 9 March 2006).
End of this report period: 30 March 2006.
Date of first confirmation of the event: 14 October 2005.
Date of start of the event: 15 September 2005.
Clinical disease: yes.
Nature of diagnosis: clinical, post-mortem and laboratory.
New outbreaks:
First administrative division (county) Lower administrative division (district) Type of epide-miolo-gical unit Name of the location Date of start of the outbreak Spe-cies Number of animals in the outbreaks susceptible cases deaths destroyed slaugh-tered Bucharest city 6th district village 6th district ... avi 5 5 5 0 0 Bucharest city 6th district village 6th district ... avi 8 7 7 1 0 Calarasi Dragalina village Dragalina ... avi 15 15 10 5 0 Constanta Topalu village Capidava ... avi 26 26 26 0 0 Vrancea Adjud village Adjud ... avi 11 11 8 3 0 Affected population: affected poultry were in backyard flocks that may not have been included in vaccination campaigns.
Diagnosis:
Laboratory where diagnostic tests are being performed Samples examined Diagnostic tests used Date Results Institute for Diagnostics and Animal Health (national reference laboratory) cloacal swabs, tracheal swabs, organs virus isolation March 2006 positive intracerebral pathogenicity index test pending Origin of infection: the poultry may have come into contact with infected wild birds.
Control measures undertaken:
- stamping out;
- quarantine;
- disinfection of infected shelters and backyard premises;
- restrictions on movement of poultry in the infected area and transport restrictions in the 10-km surveillance area have been introduced in every affected locality.
- screening;
- zoning.
Vaccination prohibited: no.
Final report: no.
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* *FOOT AND MOUTH DISEASE IN TURKEY IN THRACE REGION
follow-Up report No. 3See also: 5 October 2006, 13 July 2006, 22 June 2006, 23 March 2006, 2 March 2006, 9 February 2006
Information received on 30 March and 6 April 2006 from Dr Hüseyin Sungur, Director General, General Directorate of Protection and Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Ankara:
End of previous report period: 17 March 2006 (see Disease Information, 19 [12], 247, dated 23 March 2006).
End of this report period: 30 March 2006.
Identification of agent: foot and mouth disease virus type A.
Date of first confirmation of the event: 1 February 2006.
Date of start of the event: 21 January 2006.
Additional outbreaks to the information published in the immediate notification report [see Disease Information, 19 [6], 91, dated 9 February 2006].
First administrative division Lower adminis-trative division Type of epidemiolo-gical unit Name of the location Date of start of the outbreak Spe-cies Number of animals in the outbreaks susceptible cases deaths des-troyed slaug-tered Kirklareli Babaeski village Nadirli 25 Jan. 2006 bov 752 2 0 0 0 ovi 450 0 0 0 0 cap 100 0 0 0 0 Tekirdag Malkara village Balabancik 3 Feb. 2006 bov 35 3 0 0 0 Other details/comments:
The following outbreaks are considered to have ended:
- as of 6 March 2006, the outbreak in Tekirdag-Malkara-Balabancik;
- as of 10 March 2006, the outbreak in Tekirdag-Vakifidemir;
- as of 14 March 2006, the outbreak in Tekirdag-Marmaraereglisi-Y.Ciftlik;
- as of 21 March 2006, the outbreak in Tekirdag-Merkez-Cinarli;
- as of 22 March 2006, the outbreak in Kirklareli-Demirkoy-Avcilar;
- as of 23 March 2006, the outbreaks in Kirklareli-Babaeski and Tekirdag-Merkez-Kasikci;
- as of 24 March 2006, the outbreak in Tekirdag-Merkez-Tasomurca;
- as of 26 March 2006, the outbreak in Edirne-Uzunkopru-Kirkkavak.
Final report: no.
*
* *HIGHLY PATHOGENIC AVIAN INFLUENZA IN TURKEY
Follow-up report No. 11See also: 17 August 2006, 18 May 2006, 11 May 2006, 27 April 2006, 20 April 2006, 13 April 2006, 30 March 2006, 23 March 2006, 9 March 2006, 2 March 2006, 2 March 2006, 23 February 2006, 2 February 2006, 26 January 2006, 19 January 2006, 12 January 2006, 30 December 2005, 9 December 2005, 18 November 2005, 28 October 2005, 14 October 2005, 14 October 2005
Information received on 30 March 2006 from Dr Hüseyin Sungur, Director General, General Directorate of Protection and Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Ankara:
End of previous report period: 23 March 2006 (see Disease Information, 19 [13], 269, dated 30 March 2006).
End of this report period: 30 March 2006.
Identification of agent: highly pathogenic avian influenza virus subtype H5N1.
Date of first confirmation of the event: 26 December 2005.
Date of start of the event: 15 December 2005.
Clinical disease: yes.
Nature of diagnosis: clinical, post-mortem and laboratory.
New outbreaks:
First administrative division (province) Lower administrative division Type of epide-miological unit Name of the location Date of start of the outbreak Spe-cies Number of animals in the outbreaks suscep
tiblecases deaths des-
troyedslaugh-tered Kirsehir Kaman village Hamit Kasabasi 21 March 2006 avi 1,595 6 6 1,589 0 Sinop village Yali Koyu 13 March 2006 avi 56 5 5 51 0 Yozgat Akdagmadeni village Bahcecik 20 March 2006 avi 1,080 10 10 1,070 0 Description of affected population: backyard poultry flocks.
Diagnosis:
Outbreak Laboratories where diagnostic tests were performed Species examined Diagnostic tests used Date Results Kirsehir Central Veterinary Control and Research Institute chicken RT-PCR(1) 24 March 2006 positive for H5N1 Sinop Pendik Veterinary Control and Research Institute chicken haemagglutination inhibition test 13 March 2006 positive for H5 Yozgat Central Veterinary Control and Research Institute chicken RT-PCR 24 March 2006 positive for H5N1 Source of outbreaks or origin of infection: contact with infected animal(s) at grazing/watering and contact with wild animals.
Control measures undertaken:
- stamping out;
- quarantine;
- movement control inside the country;
- screening;
- zoning;
- disinfection of infected premises/establishment(s).
Treatment of affected animals: no.
Vaccination prohibited: yes.
Other details/comments:
- Between 15 December 2005 and 30 March 2006, a total of 2,502,042 poultry within the outbreaks and around the outbreaks were culled.
- Between 23 and 30 March 2006, 24 outbreaks in 8 provinces were eradicated.
Final report: no.
(1) RT-PCR: reverse transcriptase - polymerase chain reaction
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* *HIGHLY PATHOGENIC AVIAN INFLUENZA IN THAILAND
Follow-up report No. 87 (final report)See also: 16 November 2006, 3 August 2006, 27 July 2006, 16 February 2006, 2 February 2006, 26 January 2006, 19 January 2006, 12 January 2006, 23 December 2005, 16 December 2005, 9 December 2005, 2 December 2005, 25 November 2005, 18 November 2005, 4 November 2005, 28 October 2005, 21 October 2005, 14 October 2005, 7 October 2005, 30 September 2005, 23 September 2005, 16 September 2005, 9 September 2005, 2 September 2005, 26 August 2005, 19 August 2005, 12 August 2005, 29 July 2005, 22 July 2005, 15 July 2005
Information received on 31 March 2006 from Dr Yukol Limlamthong, Director General, Department of Livestock Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives, Bangkok:
End of previous report period: 9 February 2006 (see Disease Information, 19 [7], 104, dated 16 February 2006).
End of this report period: 31 March 2006.
One hundred and forty (140) days have elapsed since the last case of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) in Thailand (on 9 November 2005), where stamping-out with compensation was employed.
In February 2006, the Department of Livestock Development conducted the first biannual HPAI active surveillance. During the month, 57,461 cloacal swab samples were collected for virus isolation. To date, no new positive case has been reported in Thailand.
Final report: yes.
*
* *FOOT AND MOUTH DISEASE IN EGYPT
Follow-up report No. 1See also: 16 February 2006
Information received on 2 April 2006 from Dr Ahmed Tawfik Mohamed, Chairman of the General Organization for Veterinary Services, Ministry of Agriculture, Cairo:
End of previous report period: 15 February 2006 (see Disease Information, 19 [7], 112, dated 16 February 2006).
End of this report period: 1 April 2006.
Identification of agent: foot and mouth disease (FMD) virus serotype A.
Date of first confirmation of the event: 12 February 2006.
Date of start of the event: 22 January 2006.
Clinical disease: yes.
Nature of diagnosis: clinical and laboratory.
Details of new outbreaks:
First administrative division (governorate) Lower administrative division Type of epide-miolo-gical unit Name of the location Date of start of the outbreak Spe-cies Number of animals in the outbreaks susceptible cases deaths destroyed slaugh-tered Ismailia Eltal Elkebeer farm Fakly 18 Feb. 2006 bov 800 7 0 Ismailia Ismailia village Gamaan 20 Feb. 2006 bov 5 2 0 Ismailia Ismailia village Allam 20 Feb. 2006 bov 7 3 0 Ismailia Ismailia village Esaam 20 Feb. 2006 bov 7 5 0 Ismailia Ismailia village Elgabalwy 20 Feb. 2006 bov 45 5 0 Ismailia Ismailia village Abb-Alla 28 Feb. 2006 buf 10 6 0 Ismailia Eltal Elkebeer farm El-omdaa 28 Feb. 2006 buf 120 2 0 Ismailia Eltal Elkebeer village Hashim 1 Mar. 2006 buf 36 2 0 Menofia El-shohda village Salamon 21 Feb. 2006 bov 9 9 0 Menofia Elsabaa village Elsabaa 26 Feb. 2006 buf 220 130 0 Menofia Ashmoun village Ashmoun 27 Feb. 2006 bov 16 16 0 Menofia El-shohda village El-shohda 9 Mar. 2006 buf 5 5 0 Menofia Kousna village Kouesna 9 Mar. 2006 buf 5 3 0 Kalubia Elkanater Elkhayria farm Faculty of agriculture (project) 20 Feb. 2006 buf 809 40 0 Kalubia Banha village Elramla 21 Feb. 2006 bov 20 2 0 Kalubia Kaluib village Kaliub 28 Feb. 2006 buf 4 4 0 Affected population: cattle and buffaloes.
Diagnosis:
Laboratory where diagnostic tests were performed Samples examined Diagnostic tests used Date Results Animal Health Research Institute tongue epithelium; blood serum enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) 12 Feb. 2006 FMD virus serotype A Source of outbreaks or origin of infection:
- introduction of new animals/animal products;
- illegal movement of animals.
Control measures to be applied:
- quarantine;
- vaccination;
- disinfection of infected premises/establishments.
Treatment of affected animals: yes (symptomatic treatment).
Vaccination prohibited: no.
Routine vaccination against FMD is done on a regular basis in Egypt using locally manufactured oily dead virus vaccine against FMD serotype O1. Vaccination by bivalent strains of FMD (A and O) will be undertaken.
Final report: no.
*
* *AVIAN INFLUENZA IN NIGERIA
Follow-up report No. 5See also: 16 March 2006, 9 March 2006, 9 March 2006, 23 February 2006, 9 February 2006
Information received on 2 April 2006 from Dr Junaidu A. Maina, Acting Director, Department of Livestock and Pest Control Services, Federal Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Abuja:
End of previous report period: 15 March 2006 (see Disease Information, 19 [11], 225, dated 16 March 2006).
End of this report period: 31 March 2006.
Identification of agent: highly pathogenic avian influenza virus subtype H5N1.
Date of first confirmation of the event: 7 February 2006.
Date of start of the event: 10 January 2006.
Clinical disease: yes.
Nature of diagnosis: clinical and laboratory.
Details of new outbreaks:
First administrative division (State) Lower adminis-trative division (LGA*) Type of epide-miolo--gical unit Name of the location Date of the start of the outbreak Spe-cies Number of animals in the outbreaks suscep-tibles cases deaths destro-yed slaughte-red Bauchi Tafawa Balewa farm Boto 15 March 2006 avi 2,000 1,200 1,200 800 0 Bauchi Bauchi farm Bauchi 23 March 2006 avi 38 16 16 22 0 Bauchi Bauchi farm Bauchi 24 March 2006 avi 850 50 50 800 0 Kaduna Kaduna North farm Hayin Malam Zango 8 March 2006 avi 1,000 500 500 500 0 Kaduna Kaduna North farm Hauwa Mustapha 9 March 2006 avi 3,675 0 Kaduna Kaduna North farm Malali 16 March 2006 avi 1,500 1,130 1,130 370 0 Plateau Jos North farm Rikkos, Jos 11 March 2006 avi 1,000 100 100 800 100 Plateau Jos North farm Jos South 13 March 2006 avi 2,000 200 200 800 0 Plateau Jos North farm Bauchi Ring Road, Jos 20 March 2006 avi 800 40 40 760 0 * LGA: Local Government Area
Description of affected populations:
All the farms are commercial backyard layer production units, except for a farm at Bauchi (see table above) which is non-commercial and had a mixture of 38 susceptible ornamental birds (10 ostriches, 18 emus, 1 turkey, 2 guineafowl, 2 Chinese geese and 5 black-crowned cranes).
Diagnosis:
Laboratory where diagnostic tests were performed Species examined Diagnostic tests used Date Results National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Nigeria poultry - haemagglutination test;
- agar gel immunodiffusion test;
- virus isolation;
- RT-PCR(1).
14-19 March 2006 positive Source of outbreaks or origin of infection: unknown or inconclusive.
Control measures
A. Undertaken:
- stamping out;
- quarantine;
- movement control inside the country;
- zoning;
- disinfection of infected premises/establishments.
B. To be undertaken:
- control of wildlife reservoirs.
Vaccination prohibited: yes.
Other details/comments: the national emergency plan has been activated and stamping out involving the destruction of all affected and in-contact birds is being carried out at all affected locations. Payment of compensation by Government to farmers for birds destroyed has commenced.
Final report: no.
(1) RT-PCR: reverse transcriptase - polymerase chain reaction
*
* *AVIAN INFLUENZA IN BURKINA FASO
See also: 25 May 2006
(Highly pathogenic avian influenza has never been reported before in Burkina Faso).
Immediate notification report
Translation of information received on 4 April 2006 from Dr Zacharie Compaore, Director of Veterinary Services, Ministry of Animal Resources, Ouagadougou:
Report date: 3 April 2006.
Reason for immediate notification: first occurrence of a listed disease or infection in a country or zone/compartment.
Identification of agent: highly pathogenic avian influenza virus subtype H5N1.
Date of first confirmation of the event: 3 April 2006.
Date of start of the event: 1 March 2006.
Clinical disease: yes.
Nature of diagnosis: clinical and laboratory.
Details of outbreak:
First administrative division (province) Lower administrative division (department) Type of epide-miolo-gical unit Name of the location Date of start of the outbreak Spe-cies Number of animals in the outbreak susceptible cases deaths destroyed slaugh-tered Kadiogo Saaba village Gampéla (camp site "Le Pharaon") 1 March 2006 avi 130 130 123 7 0 Description of affected population: helmeted guineafowl (Numida meleagris).
Diagnosis:
Laboratory where diagnostic tests were performed Species examined Diagnostic tests used Date Results Instituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Padova (OIE Reference Laboratory for avian influenza and Newcastle disease) avi - real time RT-PCR(1)
- sequence analysis
3 April 2006 - positive for H5N1
- amino acid sequence at cleavage site reveals an HPAI profile
Source of outbreak or origin of infection: unknown or inconclusive.
Control measures:
A. Undertaken:
- national radio and television broadcast;
- provincial decision notifying the outbreak;
- quarantine;
- census of traditionally raised poultry and stamping-out within a designated 'sequestration zone';
- screening;
- zoning;
- disinfection of the infected zone.
B. To be undertaken:
- culling or vaccination of poultry in modern farms according to the level of hygiene measures routinely applied;
- stepping up of epidemiological surveillance and sampling of poultry and wild birds for submission to the reference laboratory.
Final report: no.
(1) RT-PCR: reverse transcriptase - polymerase chain reaction
*
* *RINDERPEST IN IRAQ
THE DELEGATE DECLARES HIS COUNTRY PROVISIONALLY FREE FROM RINDERPESTInformation received on 4 April 2006 from Dr Dawood M. Sharief, Director General, Iraqi Veterinary Services, Ministry of Agriculture, Baghdad:
Report date: 21 March 2006.
The last reported outbreak of rinderpest in Iraq was in 1996, in Kurdistan (north of Iraq). Prior to that, four cases of rinderpest were reported in the capital, Baghdad, in 1994, without any spread of the disease.
Since 1996, no evidence of rinderpest infection or disease has been detected within the framework of the monitoring system.
Large-scale annual vaccination campaigns for all susceptible animals were conducted from 1996 until 2003, when the Veterinary Authorities took the decision to cease vaccination against the disease. The local company, Al-Kinday, was requested to halt all production of rinderpest vaccine.
In accordance with the provisions of Appendix 3.8.2. of the Terrestrial Animal Health Code, the Delegate of Iraq declares his country provisionally free from rinderpest.
*
* *AVIAN INFLUENZA IN ISRAEL
Follow-up report No. 2See also: 27 July 2006, 8 June 2006, 30 March 2006, 23 March 2006
Information received on 4 April 2006 from Dr Moshe Chaimovitz, Director of Veterinary and Animal Health Services, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Beit-Dagan:
End of previous report period: 23 March 2006 (see Disease Information, 19 [13], 263, dated 30 March 2006).
End of this report period: 2 April 2006.
Identification of agent: highly pathogenic avian influenza virus subtype H5N1.
Date of first confirmation of the event: 16 March 2006.
Date of start of the event: 16 March 2006.
Clinical disease: yes.
Nature of diagnosis: clinical, post-mortem and laboratory.
New outbreaks:
First administrative division (region) Lower administrative division (district) Type of epide-miolo-gical unit Name of the location Date of start of the outbreak Spe-cies Number of animals in the outbreaks susceptible cases deaths destroyed slaugh-tered Jerusalem Jerusalem farm Ma'ale Hahamisha 28 March 2006 avi 30,000 150 50 29,950 0 HaDarom Beer-Sheva farm Kerem Shalom 30 March 2006 avi 20,000 150 50 19,950 0 Description of affected population: heavy breeders and turkeys.
Diagnosis:
Laboratory where diagnostic tests were performed Species examined Diagnostic tests used Date Results Kimron Veterinary Institute, Beit-Dagan avi PCR(1) (H5N1) 30 March 2006 positive Kimron Veterinary Institute, Beit-Dagan avi - virus isolation;
- haemagglutination inhibition test.
31 March 2006 pending Source of outbreaks or origin of infection: unknown or inconclusive.
Control measures undertaken:
- stamping out enforced within a 3-km radius around the outbreaks;
- quarantine;
- movement restrictions enforced within a 3-km radius around the outbreaks;
- screening;
- zoning.
Treatment of affected animals: no.
Vaccination prohibited: yes, except for birds of species listed in Appendix I of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) living in zoos, which are vaccinated with inactivated H5N2 vaccine (Nobilis, Intervet, Holland), and a flock of 14,000 ostriches (breeder flock) in the south of Israel, which is the only commercial flock being vaccinated. The aforementioned vaccinations were performed in accordance with Commission Decision 2005/94/EC, dated 21/10/05.
Other details/comments:
- There are no commercial flocks within a 3-km radius around the outbreaks.
- An epidemiological survey is underway in a 10-km-radius zone around the outbreaks.
Final report: no.
(1) PCR: polymerase chain reaction
*
* *AVIAN INFLUENZA IN PAKISTAN
Follow-up report No. 1See also: 28 December 2006, 21 December 2006, 6 July 2006, 9 March 2006
Information received on 4 April 2006 from Dr Muhammad Afzal, Animal Husbandry Commissioner, Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Livestock, Islamabad:
End of previous report period: 2 March 2006 (see Disease Information, 19 [10], 193, dated 9 March 2006).
End of this report period: 4 April 2006.
Identification of agent: highly pathogenic avian influenza virus subtype H5N1.
Date of first confirmation of the event: 27 February 2006.
Date of start of the event: 23 February 2006.
Clinical disease: yes.
Nature of diagnosis: clinical and laboratory.
Details of outbreaks (reminder):
First administrative division (province) Type of epide-miolo-gical unit Name of the location Date of start of the outbreak Spe-cies Number of animals in the outbreaks susceptible cases deaths destroyed slaugh-tered North West Frontier farm Charsada 23 February 2006 avi 10,450 2,420 2,000 8,450 0 North West Frontier farm Abbottabad 23 February 2006 avi 16,000 1,045 875 15,125 0 Affected population: poultry at a layer farm and a breeder farm.
Diagnosis:
Laboratory where diagnostic tests were performed Species examined Diagnostic tests used Date Results VLA-Weybridge, United Kingdom (OIE/FAO Reference Laboratory for avian influenza) avi - RT-PCR(1);
- sequence analysis.
24 March 2006 - positive for H5N1
- amino acid sequence at cleavage site reveals an HPAI profile
Other details/comments:
- no new outbreaks have been reported or observed from anywhere in the country; the disease did not spread and remained confined to two farms;
- as a precautionary measure, the private sector has been allowed to import 5 million doses of avian influenza vaccine to deal with any eventual emergency.
Final report: no.
(1) RT-PCR: reverse transcriptase - polymerase chain reaction
*
* *SCRAPIE IN SLOVENIA
(Date of previous outbreak of scrapie in Slovenia reported to the OIE: May 2005).
Immediate notification report
Information received on 5 April 2006 from Dr Simona Salamon, Deputy Director General, Veterinary Administration of the Republic of Slovenia, Ljubljana:
Report date: 4 April 2006.
Reason for immediate notification: re-occurrence of a listed disease or infection in a country, zone/compartment following a report declaring the outbreak ended.
Date of confirmation of the event: 29 March 2006.
Date of start of the event: 11 March 2006.
Clinical disease: yes.
Nature of diagnosis: post-mortem and laboratory.
Details of new outbreak:
First administrative division (region) Lower administrative division Type of epide-miolo-gical unit Name of the location Date of start of the outbreak Spe-cies Number of animals in the outbreak susceptible cases deaths destroyed slaugh-tered Obalno-kraska Divaca farm Dolenja vas 29 March 2006 ovi 311 1 1 0 0 cap 14 0 0 0 0 Description of affected population: there are 233 sheep, 77 lambs and a breeding ram on the affected farm. All sheep are crossbred. There are also 13 goats and a male goat; there are no kids.
Diagnosis:
Laboratory where diagnosis was made Species examined Diagnostic tests used Date Results National Veterinary Institute ovi rapid test 11 March 2006 positive Western blot 14 March 2006 positive immunohistochemistry 29 March 2006 positive histopathology 29 March 2006 positive The sample was sent to VLA Weybridge, United Kingdom (OIE Reference Laboratory for scrapie), which confirmed the diagnosis.
Source of outbreak: introduction of new animals/animal products.
Control measures to be undertaken: partial stamping-out.
Final report: no.
*
* *MISCELLANEOUS: AVIAN INFLUENZA IN GERMANY (IN WILDLIFE) (FOLLOW-UP REPORT NO. 3)
See also: 21 September 2006, 10 August 2006, 25 May 2006, 18 May 2006, 13 April 2006, 30 March 2006, 16 March 2006, 23 February 2006
Information received on 29 and 31 March 2006 from Prof. Dr. Werner Zwingmann, Chief Veterinary Officer, Ministry of Consumer Protection, Food and Agriculture, Bonn:
End of previous report period: 17 March 2006 (see Disease Information, 19 [13], 281, dated 30 March 2006).
End of this report period: 31 March 2006.
Identification of agent: avian influenza virus subtype H5N1.
Date of first confirmation of the event: 14 February 2006.
Date of start of the event: 8 February 2006.
Clinical disease: yes.
Nature of diagnosis: clinical, post-mortem and laboratory.
New outbreaks:
First administrative division (land) Lower administrative division Date of start of the outbreak Cases Species Brandenburg Barnim 17 March 2006 1 Anserini Barnim 22 March 2006 1 Fulica atra Baden Württemberg Konstanz 17 March 2006 1 Anatinae Bavaria Ansbach 24 March 2006 1 Cygnini Augsburg, Stadt 23 March 2006 1 Cygnini Erlangen-Höchstadt 20 March 2006 4 Cygnini Erlangen-Höchstadt 21 March 2006 4 Cygnini Erlangen-Höchstadt 24 March 2006 1 Cygnini Lindau-Bodensee 18 March 2006 1 Anatinae Lindau-Bodensee 20 March 2006 1 Anatinae Lindau-Bodensee 23 March 2006 1 Cygnini Nürnberg, Stadt 24 March 2006 1 Falconiformes Schwandorf 24 March 2006 1 Falconiformes Straubing, Stadt 27 March 2006 2 Cygnini, Falconiformes Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania Nordwestmecklenburg 27 March 2006 2 Falconiformes, Anatinae Nordvorpommern 28 March 2006 1 Grey heron Ostvorpommern 24 March 2006 2 Cygnini Ostvorpommern 27 March 2006 1 Cygnini Rügen 17 March 2006 1 Cygnini Rügen 18 March 2006 3 Cygnini Rügen 24 March 2006 2 Falconiformes Rügen 30 March 2006 2 Cygnini Wismar, Stadt 21 March 2006 1 Laridae Schleswig-Holstein Steinburg 17 March 2006 1 Anatinae Plön 18 March 2006 1 Anatinae Plön 24 March 2006 1 Falconiformes Plön 27 March 2006 2 Cygnini, Anatinae Avian influenza in wild birds in Germany as of 31 March 2006 (229 outbreaks):
Diagnosis:
Laboratory where diagnostic tests were performed Diagnostic tests used Results Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, OIE Reference Laboratory, Insel Riems PCR(1) (M, H5, H7, N1 genes) positive for H5N1 Source of outbreaks or origin of infection: unknown or inconclusive.
Control measures undertaken:
- control of wildlife reservoirs;
- movement control inside the country;
- screening;
- zoning.
Treatment of affected animals: no.
Vaccination prohibited: yes.
Final report: no.
(1) RT-PCR: reverse transcriptase - polymerase chain reaction
*
* *MISCELLANEOUS: AVIAN INFLUENZA IN FRANCE (IN WILDLIFE) (FOLLOW-UP REPORT NO. 4)
See also: 1 June 2006, 4 May 2006, 16 March 2006, 9 March 2006, 2 March 2006, 23 February 2006
Translation of information received on 29 March 2006 from Dr Monique Eloit, Deputy Director General, General Directorate for Food (DGAL), Ministry of Agriculture, Food, Fisheries and Rural Affairs, Paris:
End of previous report period: 13 March 2006 (see Disease Information, 19 [11], 232, dated 16 March 2006).
End of this report period: 28 March 2006.
Identification of agent: highly pathogenic avian influenza virus subtype H5N1.
Date of first confirmation of the event: 17 February 2006.
Date of start of the event: 13 February 2006.
Nature of diagnosis: clinical, post-mortem and laboratory.
New outbreaks:
First administrative division (department) Type of epide-miolo-gical unit Name of the location Date of start of the outbreak Spe-cies Number of animals in the outbreaks susceptible cases deaths destroyed slaugh-tered Ain NA* Birieux 10 March 2006 fau 1 1 0 0 Ain NA Birieux 16 March 2006 fau 1 1 0 0 Ain NA Chanoz Chatenay 10 March 2006 fau 1 1 0 0 Ain NA Divonne Les Bains 16 March 2006 fau 1 1 0 0 Ain NA Lapeyrouse 22 March 2006 fau 1 1 0 0 Ain NA Marlieux 8 March 2006 fau 1 1 0 0 Ain NA Marlieux 10 March 2006 fau 5 5 0 0 Ain NA Versailleux 19 Feb. 2006 fau 1 1 0 0 Ain NA Versailleux 17 March. 2006 fau 1 1 0 0 Ain NA Versailleux 19 March 2006 fau 1 1 0 0 Ain NA Villard Les Dombes 19 Feb. 2006 fau 5 5 0 0 Ain NA Villard Les Dombes 10 March 2006 fau 1 1 0 0 Ain NA Villard Les Dombes 13 March 2006 fau 1 1 0 0 Ain NA Villard Les Dombes 15 March 2006 fau 3 3 0 0 Ain NA Villard Les Dombes 19 March 2006 fau 1 1 0 0 * NA: not applicable
Affected population:
- Outbreaks in Marlieux, Birieux, Villars les Dombes, Versailleux and Lapeyrouse: wild swans (Cygnus cygnus) and mute swans (Cygnus olor).
- Outbreak in Chanoz Chatenay: a common pochard.
- Outbreak in Divonne les Bains: a great crested grebe.
Diagnosis:
Laboratory where diagnostic tests were performed Species examined Diagnostic test used Date Results AFSSA (French Agency for Food Safety), Ploufragan (national reference laboratory) fau sequence analysis 18 to 28 March 2006 amino acid sequence at cleavage site reveals an HPAI profile Origin of infection: unknown or inconclusive.
Control measures undertaken:
- control of wildlife reservoirs;
- movement control inside the country;
- screening;
- zoning.
Other details/comments:
Typing of the virus indicates that it is very similar to virus A/Chicken/Tula/10/2005(H5N1), A/Bar Headed Goose/Qinghai/65/05 (H5N1), and also to A/common pochard/France/0667/2006(H5N1), the virus typed in the first case in wildlife (wild duck) in France, detected at Joyeux, Ain department.
Vaccination prohibited: yes.
Final report: no.
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* *MISCELLANEOUS: AVIAN INFLUENZA IN POLAND (IN WILDLIFE) (FOLLOW-UP REPORT NO. 3)
See also: 8 June 2006, 11 May 2006, 20 April 2006, 13 April 2006, 23 March 2006, 16 March 2006, 9 March 2006
Information received on 31 March and 4 April 2006 from Dr Krzysztof Jazdzewski, Chief Veterinary Officer, General Veterinary Inspectorate, Warsaw:
End of previous report period: 20 March 2006 (see Disease Information, 19 [12], 258, dated 23 March 2006).
End of this report period: 31 March 2006.
Identification of agent: highly pathogenic avian influenza virus subtype H5N1.
Date of first confirmation of the event: 6 March 2006.
Date of start of the event: 2 March 2006.
Clinical disease: yes.
Nature of diagnosis: clinical and laboratory.
Details of outbreaks (updated data):
First administrative division Type of epide-miolo-gical unit Name of the location (town) Latitude Longitude Date of start of the outbreak Spe-cies Number of animals in the outbreaks suscep-tible cases deaths des-troyed slaugh-tered Gorzowski NA* Kotrzyn 52Ί35'26'' 14Ί40'37'' 1 March 2006 fau 2 2 0 0 Torunski NA Torun 30Ί00'20'' 18Ί35'41'' 2 March 2006 fau 1 1 0 0 Bydgoski NA Bydgoszcz 53Ί11' 17Ί58' 8 March 2006 fau ... 2 2 0 0 Bydgoski NA Bydgoszcz 53Ί07' 18Ί00' 14 March 2006 fau ... 3 3 0 0 New outbreaks:
First administrative division Type of epide-miolo-gical unit Name of the location (town) Latitude Longitude Date of start of the outbreak Spe-cies Number of animals in the outbreaks suscep-tible cases deaths des-troyed slaugh-tered Bydgoski NA* Bydgoszcz 53Ί07' 18Ί03' 24 March 2006 fau ... 1 1 0 0 Grudziadz NA Grudziadz 53Ί26' 18Ί26' 27 March 2006 fau ... 1 1 0 0 * NA: not applicable
Description of affected population: wild swans and a hawk (Kotrzyn outbreak).
Diagnosis:
Laboratory where diagnostic tests were performed Species examined Diagnostic tests used Date Results National Veterinary Research Institute, Pulawy wild swans - RT-PCR(1) (H5)
- RT-PCR (N1)
17-30 March 2006 positive Source of outbreaks or origin of infection: unknown or inconclusive.
Control measures undertaken:
- movement control inside the country;
- screening;
- zoning;
- disinfection;
- spraying.
Treatment of affected animals: no.
Vaccination prohibited: yes.
Final report: no.
(1) RT-PCR: reverse transcriptase - polymerase chain reaction
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* *MISCELLANEOUS: AVIAN INFLUENZA IN SLOVENIA (IN WILDLIFE) (FOLLOW-UP REPORT NO. 3)
See also: 9 March 2006, 2 March 2006, 23 February 2006, 16 February 2006
Information received on 3 April 2006 from Dr Simona Salamon, Deputy Director General, Veterinary Administration of the Republic of Slovenia (VARS), Ljubljana:
End of previous report period: 3 March 2006 (see Disease Information, 19 [10], 208, dated 9 March 2006).
End of this report period: 3 April 2006.
Identification of agent: highly pathogenic avian influenza virus subtype H5N1.
Date of first confirmation of the event: 16 February 2006.
Date of start of the event: 11 February 2006.
Nature of diagnosis: clinical and laboratory.
New outbreaks:
First administrative division Type of epide-miolo-gical unit Name of the location Date of start of the outbreak Spe-cies Number of animals in the outbreaks susceptible cases deaths destroyed slaugh-tered Maribor NA* Koblerjev Zaliv fau 1 1 Maribor NA Melje fau 1 1 * NA: not applicable
Affected population: a northern pintail (Anas acuta) and a mute swan (Cygnus olor).
Diagnosis:
Laboratory where diagnostic tests were performed Species examined Diagnostic tests used Date Results National Veterinary Institute northern pintail - RT-PCR(1)
- sequence analysis
6 March 2006 - positive for H5N1
- amino acid sequence at cleavage site reveals an HPAI profile
mute swan RT-PCR(1) H5 30 March 2006 positive Source of outbreaks or origin of infection: unknown or inconclusive.
Control measures:
- Measures laid down in Commission Decision 2006/115/EC are carried out in the protection and surveillance zones.
- Measures in the protection and surveillance zone of Muta (at the Austrian border) were lifted as follows: on 8 March 2006 for protection zone and on 17 March 2006 for surveillance zone.
- The protection zones of Koblerjev Zaliv and Maribor are still in place as well as the surveillance zones of Dogoe, Spodnji Duplek, Stare and Ptujsko jezero.
Final report: no.
(1) RT-PCR: reverse transcriptase - polymerase chain reaction
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* *MISCELLANEOUS: AVIAN INFLUENZA IN SWITZERLAND (IN WILDLIFE) (FOLLOW-UP REPORT NO. 2)
See also: 15 June 2006, 8 June 2006, 1 June 2006, 25 May 2006, 18 May 2006, 11 May 2006, 4 May 2006, 27 April 2006, 13 April 2006, 16 March 2006, 2 March 2006
Information received on 3 April 2006 from Dr Hans Wyss, Director of the Federal Veterinary Office, Bern:
End of previous report period: 14 March 2006 (see Disease Information, 19 [11], 234, dated 16 March 2006).
End of this report period: 3 April 2006.
Identification of agent: highly pathogenic avian influenza virus subtype H5N1.
Date of first confirmation of the event: 26 February 2006.
Date of start of the event: 26 February 2006.
Clinical disease: yes.
Nature of diagnosis: clinical and laboratory.
New outbreak:
First administrative division (canton) Type of epidemio-logical unit Name of the location Date of start of the outbreak Spe-cies Number of animals in the outbreak susceptible cases deaths destroyed slaugh-tered Thurgau NA* Steckborn 4 March 2006 fau 1 1 0 0 *NA: not applicable
Description of affected population: one common pochard (Aythya ferina).
Diagnosis:
Laboratories where diagnosis was made Species examined Diagnostic tests used Date Results National Reference Centre for Diseases of Poultry and Rabbits, Vetsuisse Faculty Zurich, University of Zurich, Switzerland (Reference Lab) common pochard (Aythya ferina) RT-PCR(1) (gene H5) 4 March 2006 positive for H5 VLA-Weybridge, United Kingdom (OIE/FAO Reference Laboratory for avian influenza) - RT-PCR (genes M, H5 and N1);
- sequence analysis.
11 March 2006 - positive for H5N1;
- amino acid sequence at cleavage site indicates a highly pathogenic avian influenza profile.
Source of outbreak or origin of infection: unknown or inconclusive.
Control measures undertaken:
- control of wildlife reservoirs;
- movement control inside the country;
- screening;
- zoning.
Treatment of affected animals: no.
Vaccination prohibited: yes.
Other details/comments:
- The case was detected as part of a national monitoring programme for avian influenza in wild birds.
- Since the beginning of the event, a total of 4 wild birds (one tufted duck [Aythya fuligula], one common coot [Fulica atra], one goosander [Mergus merganser] and one common pochard [Aythya ferina]) have been identified as positive for H5N1.
- There are currently twenty-eight more cases (wild birds) positive for H5.
Final report: no.
(1) RT-PCR: reverse transcriptase - polymerase chain reaction
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* *MISCELLANEOUS: AVIAN INFLUENZA IN DENMARK (IN WILDLIFE) (FOLLOW-UP REPORT NO. 2)
See also: 6 July 2006, 1 June 2006, 4 May 2006, 13 April 2006, 30 March 2006, 16 March 2006
Information received on 5 April 2006 from Dr Preben Willeberg, Chief Veterinary Officer, Danish Veterinary and Food Administration, Søborg:
End of previous report period: 24 March 2006 (see Disease Information, 19 [13], 282, dated 30 March 2006).
End of this report period: 5 April 2006.
Identification of agent: highly pathogenic avian influenza virus subtype H5N1.
Date of first confirmation of the event: 14 March 2006.
Date of start of the event: 12 March 2006.
Clinical disease: yes.
Nature of diagnosis: clinical and laboratory.
Details of new outbreaks:
First administrative division (county) Name of the location (town) Latitude Longitude Date of start of the outbreak Spe-cies Number of animals in the outbreaks suscep-tible cases deaths des-troyed slaugh-tered Bornholm Vang 55Ί1502 14Ί4419 26 March 2006 fau 1 1 0 0 Frederiksborg Skibby 55Ί5427 12Ί0256 22 March 2006 fau 1 1 0 0 Funen Ærøskøbing 54Ί5334 10Ί2436 15 March 2006 fau 6 6 0 0 Funen Drejø 54Ί5826 10Ί2457 17 March 2006 fau 1 1 0 0 Funen Svendborg 55Ί0325 10Ί3631 18 March 2006 fau 1 1 0 0 Funen Fåborg 55Ί0611 10Ί1448 22 March 2006 fau 3 3 0 0 Funen Fåborg 55Ί0637 10Ί1330 28 March 2006 fau 1 1 0 0 Southern Jutland Sønderborg 54Ί5827 09Ί4554 24 March 2006 fau 1 1 0 0 Southern Jutland Kegnæs 54Ί5126 09Ί5912 25 March 2006 fau 1 1 0 0 Storstroem Guldborgsund 54Ί4445 11Ί5258 20 March 2006 fau 1 1 0 0 Storstroem Nysted 54Ί3958 11Ί4350 20 March 2006 fau 1 1 0 0 Storstroem Stubbekøbing 54Ί5330 12Ί0216 22 March 2006 fau 1 1 0 0 Storstroem Bandholm 54Ί5015 11Ί2936 24 March 2006 fau 1 1 0 0 Western Zealand Skælskør 55Ί1509 11Ί1627 27 March 2006 fau 1 1 0 0 Description of affected population:
- Outbreak in Bornholm: a mute swan (Cygnus olor) near Vang.
- Outbreak in Fredriksborg: a rough-legged buzzard (Buteo lagopus) near Skibby.
- Outbreaks in Funen: 6 tufted ducks (Aythya fuligula) in Ærøskøbing, a peregrine falcon (Falco peregrinus) on the island Drejø, a greylag goose (Anser anser) near Svendborg, 2 mute swans (Cygnus olor), a tufted duck (Aythya fuligula) and a common buzzard (Buteo buteo) near Fåborg.
- Outbreaks in Southern Jutland: a common buzzard (Buteo buteo) near Sønderborg, a tufted duck (Aythya fuligula) on Kegnæs.
- Outbreaks in Storstroem: a tufted duck (Aythya fuligula) in Guldborgsund, a common buzzard (Buteo buteo) near Nysted, a tufted duck (Aythya fuligula) near Stubbekøbing, a tufted duck (Aythya fuligula) near Bandholm.
- Outbreak in Western Zealand: a tufted duck (Aythya fuligula) near Skælskør.
Diagnosis:
Laboratory where diagnostic tests were performed Species examined Diagnostic tests used Date Results Danish Institute for Food and Veterinary Research fau - RT-PCR(1)
- virus isolation
- sequence analysis
24 March - 1 April 2006 - positive for H5
- positive for H5N1
- amino acid sequence at cleavage site reveals an HPAI profile
Source of outbreak or origin of infection: unknown or inconclusive.
Control measures undertaken:
- movement control inside the country;
- screening;
- zoning.
Treatment of affected animals: no.
Vaccination prohibited: yes.
Other details/comments:
- The protection and surveillance zones have been established in accordance with European Union legislation (European Commission Decision 2006/115/EC). All poultry within the zones must be kept inside and all poultry holdings - including hobby holdings - must be registered. The Danish Veterinary and Food Administration will inspect all poultry holdings in the protection zones in order to look for possible further spread of avian influenza. Restrictions on movement of eggs and poultry have been imposed within the zones. All hunting within the zones is also prohibited.
- The latest news about avian influenza detected in wild birds in Denmark (including maps of the established protection and surveillance zones) can be accessed on the Danish Veterinary and Food Administrations website:
http://www.uk.foedevarestyrelsen.dk/AnimalHealth/Avian_influenza/Latest_news/forside.htm
Final report: no.
(1) RT-PCR: reverse transcriptase - polymerase chain reaction
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