Aquatic Animal Health Code
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Aquatic Animal Health Code |
Infectious salmon anaemia
For the purposes of the Aquatic Code, infectious salmon anaemia (ISA) means infection with ISA virus (ISAV) of the genus Isavirus of the family Orthomyxoviridae.
Information on methods for diagnostic are provided in the Aquatic Manual.
Scope
The recommendations in this chapter apply to: Atlantic salmon (Salmosalar), brown and sea trout (S. trutta) and rainbow trout (Onchorynchus mykiss). These recommendations also apply to any other susceptible species referred to in the Aquatic Manual when traded internationally.
Importation or transit of aquatic animals and aquatic animal products for any purpose from a country, zone or compartment not declared free from infectious salmon anaemia
Competent Authorities should not require any ISA related conditions, regardless of the ISA status of the exporting country, zone or compartment when authorising the importation or transit of the following aquatic animals and aquatic animal products from the species referred to in Article 10.5.2. intended for any purpose and complying with Article 5.3.1.:
heat sterilised, hermetically sealed fish products (i.e. a heat treatment at 121˚C for at least 3.6 minutes or any time/temperature equivalent);
pasteurised fish products that have been subjected to a heat treatment at 90˚C for at least 10 minutes (or to any time/temperature equivalent which has been demonstrated to inactivate ISAV);
mechanically dried, eviscerated fish (i.e. a heat treatment at 100˚C for 30 minutes or any time/temperature equivalent which has been demonstrated to inactivate ISAV);
fish oil;
fish meal; and
fish skin leather.
When authorising the importation or transit of aquatic animals and aquatic animal products of a species referred to in Article 10.5.2., other than those referred to in point 1 of Article 10.5.3., Competent Authorities should require the conditions prescribed in Articles 10.5.7. to 10.5.12. relevant to the ISA status of the exporting country, zone or compartment.
When considering the importation or transit of aquatic animals and aquatic animal products from an exporting country, zone or compartment not declared free of ISA of a species not covered in Article 10.5.2. but which could reasonably be expected to pose a risk of transmission for ISA, Competent Authorities should conduct a risk analysis in accordance with the recommendations in the Aquatic Code. The exporting country should be informed of the outcome of this assessment.
Infectious salmon anaemia free country
A country may make a self-declaration of freedom from ISA if it meets the conditions in points 1, 2, 3 or 4 below.
If a country shares a zone with one or more other countries, it can only make a self-declaration of freedom from ISA if all the areas covered by the shared water are declared ISA free countries or zones (see Article 10.5.5.).
A country where none of the susceptible species is present may make a self-declaration of freedom from ISA when basic biosecurity conditions have been continuously met in the country for at least the past two years.
OR
A country where the species referred to in Article 10.5.2. are present but there has been no observed occurrence of the disease for at least the past ten years despite conditions that are conducive to its clinical expression, as described in the corresponding chapter of the Aquatic Manual, may make a self-declaration of freedom from ISA when basic biosecurity conditions have been continuously met in the country for at least the past ten years.
OR
A country where the last observed occurrence of the disease was within the past ten years or where the infection status prior to targeted surveillance was unknown (e.g. because of the absence of conditions conducive to clinical expression as described in the corresponding chapter of the Aquatic Manual) may make a self-declaration of freedom from ISA when:
basic biosecurity conditions have been continuously met for at least the past two years; and
targeted surveillance, as described in Chapter 1.4. of the Aquatic Code, has been in place for at least the last two years without detection of ISAV.
OR
A country that has made a self-declaration of freedom from ISA but in which the disease is subsequently detected may make a self-declaration of freedom from ISA again when the following conditions have been met:
on detection of the disease, the affected area was declared an infected zone and a protection zone was established; and
infected populations have been destroyed or removed from the infected zone by means that minimise the risk of further spread of the disease, and the appropriate disinfection procedures (see Aquatic Manual) have been completed; and
targeted surveillance, as described in Chapter 1.4. of the Aquatic Code, has been in place for at least the last two years without detection of ISAV; and
previously existing basic biosecurity conditions have been reviewed and modified as necessary and have continuously been in place for at least the past two years.
In the meantime, part of the non-affected area may be declared a free zone provided that such part meets the conditions in point 3 of Article 10.5.5.
Infectious salmon anaemia free zone or free compartment
A zone or compartment within the territory of one or more countries not declared free from ISA may be declared free by the Competent Authority(ies) of the country(ies) concerned if the zone or compartment meets the conditions referred to in points 1, 2, 3 or 4 below.
If a zone or compartment extends over more than one country, it can only be declared an ISA free zone or compartment if all the Competent Authorities confirm that the conditions have been met.
A zone or compartment where none of the susceptible species is present may be declared free from ISA when basic biosecurity conditions have been continuously met in the zone or compartment for at least the past two years.
OR
A zone or compartment where the species referred to in Article 10.5.2. are present but there has been no observed occurrence of the disease for at least the past ten years despite conditions that are conducive to its clinical expression, as described in the corresponding chapter of the Aquatic Manual, may be declared free from ISA when basic biosecurity conditions have been continuously met in the zone or compartment for at least the past ten years.
OR
A zone or compartment where the last observed occurrence of the disease was within the past ten years or where the infection status prior to targeted surveillance was unknown (e.g. because of the absence of conditions conducive to clinical expression as described in the corresponding chapter of the Aquatic Manual) may be declared free from ISA when:
basic biosecurity conditions have been continuously met for at least the past two years; and
targeted surveillance, as described in Chapter 1.4. of the Aquatic Code, has been in place for at least the last two years without detection of ISAV.
OR
A zone previously declared free from ISA but in which the disease is detected may be declared free from ISA again when the following conditions have been met:
on detection of the disease, the affected area was declared an infected zone and a protection zone was established; and
infected populations have been destroyed or removed from the infected zone by means that minimise the risk of further spread of the disease, and the appropriate disinfection procedures (see Aquatic Manual) have been completed; and
targeted surveillance, as described in Chapter 1.4. of the Aquatic Code, has been in place for at least the last two years without detection of ISAV; and
previously existing basic biosecurity conditions have been reviewed and modified as necessary and have continuously been in place for at least the past two years.
Maintenance of free status
A country, zone or compartment that is declared free from ISA following the provisions of points 1 or 2 of Articles 10.5.4. or 10.5.5. (as relevant) may maintain its status as ISA free provided that basic biosecurity conditions are continuously maintained.
A country, zone or compartment that is declared free from ISA following the provisions of point 3 of Articles 10.5.4. or 10.5.5. (as relevant) may discontinue targeted surveillance and maintain its status as ISA free provided that conditions that are conducive to clinical expression of ISA, as described in the corresponding chapter of the Aquatic Manual, exist and basic biosecurity conditions are continuously maintained.
However, for declared free zones or compartments in infected countries and in all cases where conditions are not conducive to clinical expression of ISA, targeted surveillance needs to be continued at a level determined by the Aquatic Animal Health Service on the basis of the likelihood of infection.
Importation of live aquatic animals from a country, zone or compartment declared free from infectious salmon anaemia
When importing live aquatic animals of the species referred to in Article 10.5.2. from a country, zone or compartment declared free from ISA, the Competent Authority of the importing country should require an international aquatic animal health certificate issued by the Competent Authority of the exporting country or a certifying official approved by the importing country certifying that, on the basis of the procedures described in Articles 10.5.4. or 10.5.5. (as applicable), the place of production of the aquatic animal is a country, zone or compartment declared free from ISA.
The certificate should be in accordance with the Model Certificate in Chapter 5.10.
This Article does not apply to commodities referred to in point 1 of Article 10.5.3.
Importation of live aquatic animals for aquaculture from a country, zone or compartment not declared free from infectious salmon anaemia
When importing, for aquaculture, live aquatic animals of the species referred to in Article 10.5.2. from a country, zone or compartment not declared free from ISA, the Competent Authority of the importing country should assess the risk and, if justified, apply the following risk mitigation measures:
the direct delivery to and lifelong holding of the consignment in biosecure facilities for continuous isolation from the local environment; and
the treatment of all effluent and waste materials in a manner that ensures inactivation of ISAV.
If the intention of the introduction is the establishment of a new stock, relevant aspects of the Code of Practice on the Introductions and Transfers of Marine Organisms of the International Council for the Exploration of the Seas (ICES) should be considered.
For the purposes of the Aquatic Code, relevant aspects of the ICES Code (full version see: www.ices.dk/pubs/Miscellaneous/ICESCodeofPractice.pdf) may be summarised to the following points:
identify stock of interest (cultured or wild) in its current location;
evaluate stock health/disease history;
take and test samples for ISAV, pests and general health/disease status;
import and quarantine in a secure facility a founder (F-0) population;
produce F-1 generation from the F-0 stock in quarantine;
culture F-1 stock and at critical times in its development (life cycle) sample and test for ISAV and perform general examinations for pests and general health/disease status;
if ISAV is not detected, pests are not present, and the general health/disease status of the stock is considered to meet the basic biosecurity conditions of the importing country, zone or compartment, the F-1 stock may be defined as ISA free or specific pathogen free (SPF) for ISAV;
release SPF F-1 stock from quarantine for aquaculture or stocking purposes in the country, zone or compartment.
With respect to point 3(e), quarantine conditions should be conducive to multiplication of the pathogen and eventually to clinical expression. If quarantine conditions are not suitable for pathogen multiplication and development, the recommended diagnostic approach might not be sensitive enough to detect low infection level.
This Article does not apply to aquatic animals referred to in point 1 of Article 10.5.3.
Importation of aquatic animals and aquatic animal products for processing for human consumption from a country, zone or compartment not declared free from infectious salmon anaemia
When importing, for processing for human consumption, aquatic animals or aquatic animal products of species referred to in Article 10.5.2. from a country, zone or compartment not declared free from ISA, the Competent Authority of the importing country should assess the risk and, if justified, require that:
the consignment is delivered directly to and held in quarantine or containment facilities until processing into one of the products referred to in point 1 of Article 10.5.3., or products described in point 1 of Article 10.5.12., or other products authorised by the Competent Authority; and
all effluent and waste materials from the processing are treated in a manner that ensures inactivation of ISAV or is disposed in a manner that prevents contact of waste with susceptible species.
For these commodities Members may wish to consider introducing internal measures to address the risks associated with the commodity being used for any purpose other than for human consumption.
Importation of live aquatic animals intended for use in animal feed, or for agricultural, industrial or pharmaceutical use from a country, zone or compartment not declared free from infectious salmon anaemia
When importing, for use in animal feed, or for agricultural, industrial or pharmaceutical use, live aquatic animals of the species referred to in Article 10.5.2. from a country, zone or compartment not declared free from ISA, the Competent Authority of the importing country should require that:
the consignment is delivered directly to and held in quarantine facilities for slaughter and processing to products authorised by the Competent Authority; and
all effluent and waste materials from the processing are treated in a manner that ensures inactivation of ISAV.
This Article does not apply to commodities referred to in point 1 of Article 10.5.3.
Importation of aquatic animal products from a country, zone or compartment declared free from infectious salmon anaemia
When importing aquatic animal products of the species referred to in Article 10.5.2. from a country, zone or compartment declared free from ISA, the Competent Authority of the importing country should require an international aquatic animal health certificate issued by the Competent Authority of the exporting country or a certifying official approved by the importing country certifying that, on the basis of the procedures described in Articles 10.5.4. or 10.5.5. (as applicable), the place of production of the commodity is a country, zone or compartment declared free from ISA.
The certificate should be in accordance with the Model Certificate in Chapter 5.10.
This Article does not apply to commodities referred to in point 1 of Article 10.5.3.
Importation of aquatic animals and aquatic animal products for retail trade for human consumption from a country, zone or compartment not declared free from infectious salmon anaemia
Competent Authorities should not require any ISA related conditions, regardless of the ISA status of the exporting country, zone or compartment when authorising the importation or transit of the following commodities which have been prepared and packaged for retail trade and complying with Article 5.3.2.:
fish fillets or steaks (frozen or chilled).
Certain assumptions have been made in assessing the safety of aquatic animals and aquatic animal products listed above. Members should refer to these assumptions at Article 5.3.2. and consider whether the assumptions apply to their conditions.
For these commodities Members may wish to consider introducing internal measures to address the risks associated with the commodity being used for any purpose other than for human consumption.
When importing aquatic animals or aquatic animal products, other than those referred to in point 1 above, of the species referred to in Article 10.5.2. from a country, zone or compartment not declared free from ISA, the Competent Authority of the importing country should assess the risk and apply appropriate risk mitigation measures.
Importation of disinfected eggs for aquaculture from a country, zone or compartment not declared free from infectious salmon anaemia
When importing disinfected eggs of the species referred to in Article 10.5.2. for aquaculture, from a country, zone or compartment not declared free from ISA, the Competent Authority of the importing country should assess the risk associated with at least:
the ISA virus status of the water to be used during the disinfection of the eggs;
the prevalence of infection with ISA virus in broodstock (ovarian fluid and milt); and
the temperature and pH of the water to be used for disinfection.
If the Competent Authority of the importing country concludes that the importation is acceptable, it should apply the following risk mitigation measures including:
the eggs should be disinfected prior to importing, according to the methods described in Chapter 1.1.3. of the Aquatic Manual (under study) or those specified by the Competent Authority of the importing country; and
between disinfection and the import, eggs should not come into contact with anything which may affect their health status.
The Competent Authority may wish to consider internal measures, such as renewed disinfection of the eggs upon arrival in the importing country.
When importing disinfected eggs of the species referred to in Article 10.5.2. for aquaculture, from a country, zone or compartment not declared free from ISA, the Competent Authority of the importing country should require an international aquatic animal health certificate issued by the Competent Authority of the exporting country or a certifying official approved by the importing country attesting that the procedures described in point 2 of Article 10.5.13. have been fulfilled.
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