Rabbit haemorrhagic disease,
Mexico

Information received on 10/12/2020 from Dr. Gay Gutiérrez Juan, Director General de Salud Animal, Servicio Nacional de Sanidad, Inocuidad y Calidad Agroalimentaria (SENASICA), Secretaría de Agricultura y Desarrollo Rural (SADER), Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico

Summary

Report type	Follow-up report No. 22
Date of start of the event	03/04/2020
Date of confirmation of the event	08/04/2020
Report date	09/12/2020
Date submitted to OIE	10/12/2020
Reason for notification	Recurrence of a listed disease
Date of previous occurrence	1991
Manifestation of disease	Clinical disease
Causal agent	Rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus
Serotype	RHDV2
Nature of diagnosis	Clinical, Laboratory (advanced)
This event pertains to	a defined zone within the country
Related reports	Immediate notification (09/04/2020) Follow-up report No. 1 (22/04/2020) Follow-up report No. 2 (04/05/2020) Follow-up report No. 3 (15/05/2020) Follow-up report No. 4 (25/05/2020) Follow-up report No. 5 (29/05/2020) Follow-up report No. 6 (09/06/2020) Follow-up report No. 7 (17/06/2020) Follow-up report No. 8 (24/06/2020) Follow-up report No. 9 (01/07/2020) Follow-up report No. 10 (14/07/2020) Follow-up report No. 11 (22/07/2020) Follow-up report No. 12 (29/07/2020) Follow-up report No. 13 (04/08/2020) Follow-up report No. 14 (18/08/2020) Follow-up report No. 15 (26/08/2020) Follow-up report No. 16 (18/09/2020) Follow-up report No. 17 (25/09/2020) Follow-up report No. 18 (05/10/2020) Follow-up report No. 19 (14/10/2020) Follow-up report No. 20 (28/10/2020) Follow-up report No. 21 (17/11/2020) Follow-up report No. 22 (09/12/2020) Follow-up report No. 23 (15/01/2021)

New outbreaks (3)

Outbreak 1

San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosi

Date of start of the outbreak

14/11/2020

Outbreak status

Continuing (or date resolved not provided)

Epidemiological unit

Backyard

Affected animals

Species	Susceptible	Cases	Deaths	Killed and disposed of	Slaughtered
Rabbits	2	1	1	1	0

Affected population

A backyard with 2 rabbits, these are pet animals, detected by notification due to the presence of clinical signs (hemorrhagic rhinitis, bloody and foamy nasal discharge, excitation, incoordination, final squeaking) as well as sudden death of the animals. Samples were collected that tested positive to rabbit haemorrhagic disease with haemagglutination and RT-PCR diagnostic tests.

Outbreak 2

Ciudad del Maíz, San Luis Potosi

Date of start of the outbreak

24/11/2020

Outbreak status

Resolved (27/11/2020)

Epidemiological unit

Other

Affected animals

Species	Susceptible	Cases	Deaths	Killed and disposed of	Slaughtered
Leporidae (unidentified):Leporidae (incognita)(Leporidae)	1	1	1	0	0

Affected population

A wild leporidae, living in a backyard, detected by notification due to the presence of clinical signs suggesting the disease (severe respiratory symptoms, hemorrhagic rhinitis, bloody and foamy nasal discharge, excitation and incoordination, final squeaking) and sudden death of the animals. Samples were collected that tested positive to rabbit haemorrhagic disease with haemagglutination and RT-PCR diagnostic tests.

Outbreak 3

Soledad de Graciano Sánchez, San Luis Potosi

Date of start of the outbreak

27/11/2020

Outbreak status

Continuing (or date resolved not provided)

Epidemiological unit

Backyard

Affected animals

Species	Susceptible	Cases	Deaths	Killed and disposed of	Slaughtered
Rabbits	20	16	16	4	0

Affected population

A backyard with 20 rabbits for breeding, detected by notification due to the presence of clinical signs suggesting the disease (severe respiratory symptoms, hemorrhagic rhinitis, bloody and foamy nasal discharge, excitation and incoordination) and sudden death of the animals. Samples were collected that tested positive to rabbit haemorrhagic disease with haemagglutination and RT-PCR diagnostic tests.

Summary of outbreaks

Total outbreaks: 3

Total animals affected

Species	Susceptible	Cases	Deaths	Killed and disposed of	Slaughtered
Rabbits	22	17	17	5	0
Leporidae (unidentified):Leporidae (incognita)(Leporidae)	1	1	1	0	0

Outbreak statistics

Species	Apparent morbidity rate	Apparent mortality rate	Apparent case fatality rate	Proportion susceptible animals lost*
Rabbits	77.27%	77.27%	100.00%	100.00%
Leporidae (unidentified):Leporidae (incognita)(Leporidae)	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%

*Removed from the susceptible population through death, destruction and/or slaughter

Epidemiology

Source of the outbreak(s) or origin of infection

Unknown or inconclusive

Epidemiological comments

Following epidemiological tracing and increased notification, three backyards in San Luis Potosí were identified as affected by the disease. The premises have been depopulated and cleaning and disinfection are on-going. Active surveillance continues in these States for new cases. It was recommended that producers in the area immediately inform official veterinary personnel of the presence of typical signs of rabbit haemorraghic disease or of any wild animals found dead in the area, as well as avoid movements of rabbits.

Control measures

Measures applied	Surveillance outside containment and/or protection zone Surveillance within containment and/or protection zone Quarantine Official disposal of carcasses, by-products and waste Stamping out Disinfection Vaccination prohibited No treatment of affected animals
Measures to be applied	No other measures

Future Reporting

The event is continuing. Weekly follow-up reports will be submitted.

Map of outbreak locations